Abafite uburambe bwinshi mu kubungabunga amazi yanduye bazi kopdadmacni flocculant ifite ubushobozi bwo guhagarara neza kurusha kure y’iy’ibintu bisanzwe. Flocculant nyinshi ku isoko ni nziza cyane, zishobora kwangirika bitewe n’izuba, ubushyuhe buke, na aside/alkali, zigakomera byoroshye kandi ntizigire icyo zikora nyuma y’igice cy’ukwezi gusa zibitswe, kandi zigacika intege iyo zishyizwe mu mazi asanzwe. Icyakora, Polydimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride igaragaza ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu byinshi. Ingufu zayo ntizihinduka bitewe n’ubushyuhe bwinshi mu mpeshyi cyangwa ubukonje mu gihe cy’itumba, bigatuma iba “ikintu cyizewe” mu gutunganya amazi asanzwe.
Uku gukomera gukomeye guturuka ku miterere yayo yihariye kandi ikomeye ya molekile. Agace k'umuyoboro w'iyi molekile kameze nk'umugozi ukomeye w'umugozi w'umuhempe ufatanye neza, ufite imiterere ihamye kandi nta ngingo z'intege nke zigaragara. Mu buryo bunyuranye, imiyoboro isanzwe ya flocculants igizwe ahanini na molekile nto zoroshye zishobora kwangirika no kubora byoroshye mu bidukikije birimo ubushyuhe bwinshi, aside, cyangwa alkaline, bigatuma zitakaza burundu ingaruka zabyo zo kwangirika. Mu buryo bunyuranye, polydimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride igaragaza ubushobozi bwo kwangirika cyane nyuma yo kwangirika. Nubwo yamara igihe kinini ahuye n'ibidukikije by'amazi mabi ashyushye cyane, imiterere yayo ya molekile ikomeza kuba myiza kandi ikora neza. Iyi ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru ituma ishobora gufunga vuba imyanda y'amazi mabi no gukora imiyoboro minini ndetse no mu gihe cyo kubika hanze no mu bihe by'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Amatsinda afite ingufu zingana ku muyoboro wayo wa molekile akora nk'uruzitiro rusanzwe rwo kurinda, ruha uwo muyoboro ubushobozi bwo guhuza amazi neza. Ibintu bisanzwe bidafite ubushobozi bwo kurinda ubuso kandi byoroshye gutwikirwa n'amavuta n'imyanda mu mazi yanduye, bigatuma amazi atakaza ubushobozi bwo kuyamunga. Ariko, ayo matsinda afite ingufu zingana n'izi adakoresha amazi gusa nk'intego zo kuyamunga ku myanda mito, ibara ry'amazi, n'imyanda ihumanya ikirere, ahubwo anayatandukanya n'ibintu biva hanze nka aside, alkali, ibindi binyabutabire, n'amavuta, birinda imiterere y'ibanze ya molekile kwangirika. Ibi bituma amazi yanduye yo mu nganda ahura neza n'amazi yanduye yo mu nganda ava mu gusiga amarangi, gucapa, n'inganda za shimi, aho ihindagurika rya pH ari rinini.
Mu bijyanye no kubika no gutwara, ibyiza byabyo biruta kure iby’ibintu bisa. Ifu nyinshi zifata amazi zirashobora kwinjizwa n’ubushuhe no gupfunyika; ndetse n’ubushuhe bwinshi mu gihe cyo kubika butuma zibora, zigatakaza ubushobozi bwo gukora, kandi ntizishonge. Polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (PDMC) igaragaza ubuziranenge budasanzwe haba mu mazi no mu bintu bikomeye, nta kintu na kimwe kidakenewe mu mikorere ya shimi hagati y’amaseli. Inganda zitunganya amazi yanduye zishobora kuyabika mu bwinshi zidasabye ubushyuhe cyangwa kugenzura ubushuhe. Ishobora kubikwa mu bubiko bw’ubushyuhe bw’ikirere igihe kirekire kandi ishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe ndetse no nyuma yo gukonjesha no gushonga hanze mu gihe cy’itumba, nta kibazo na kimwe cyo kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika, bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cya flocculant.
Byongeye kandi, umusaruro wayo urimo amazi ahindagurika ugaragaza ko uhamye cyane. Amazi asanzwe agabanya amazi ahindagurika kandi yoroshye kuyangiza byoroshye iyo amazi atemba gato, bigatuma amazi asubira mu mazi no kuyatunganya. Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, PDMC ifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kuyashyira no kuyafata, ifata neza imyanda mito n'amavuta kugira ngo ikore amazi menshi kandi akomeye. Ayo mazi arwanya cyane isuri, afite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kuyatuza, kandi agatanga uduce duto tw'amazi dushobora gukandagirwa no gucukurwa, bikaba bikwiriye neza mu buryo bugoye bwo gutunganya amazi yanduye nk'ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Kubera ko ahoraho, uyu muti wabaye umuti usanzwe ukunzwe cyane mu nganda zitunganya amazi yanduye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-08-2026