Ibikomoka kuri peteroli na gaze ni umutungo wingenzi mu bukungu bwisi, gukoresha ingufu zitwara abantu, gushyushya amazu, no kongera ingufu mu nganda. Nyamara, ibyo bicuruzwa byagaciro bikunze kuboneka mubuvange bugoye bushobora kubamo amazi nibindi bintu. Gutandukanya ayo mazi na gaze na peteroli bifite agaciro birakenewe kugirango bisukure kandi bikoreshwe. Ubu buryo bwo gutandukana burashobora kuba ingorabahizi, akenshi bikavamo gushiraho emulisiyo bigoye gucika. Injira uruhare rwa demulifiseri mugutunganya peteroli na gaze.
Amashanyarazini imiti yihariye yongewe kumavuta na gaze ivanze kugirango ifashe guhagarika emulisiyo, bigatuma inzira yo gutandukana yoroshye cyane. Izi ngingo zikorana na surfactants muri emulsiyo, bikabangamira ituze ryazo, bigatuma ibice byamavuta namazi bitandukana byoroshye.
Akamaro kakumanuramu gutunganya peteroli na gaze ntibishobora kuvugwa. Bafasha kunoza imikorere yuburyo bwo gutandukana, kugabanya ingufu zikenewe mugusukura. Zirinda kandi kwiyubaka mu miyoboro n’ibikoresho byo gutunganya, gukora neza no kongera igihe cy’ibi bigo.
Guhitamo demulifiseri ikwiye ningirakamaro, kuko imiti itandukanye ikora neza mubihe byihariye hamwe nubwoko bwihariye bwa emulisiyo. Abatunganya ibintu bagomba kuzirikana ibintu nkurwego rwa pH, ubushyuhe, nubwoko bwa peteroli cyangwa gaze bitunganywa muguhitamo demuliferi nziza kubikorwa byabo.
Mu gusoza, demulifiseri ni inyongera zingenzi mugutunganya peteroli na gaze, gusenya emulisiyo zikomeye no koroshya gutandukanya umutungo wingenzi. Guhitamo neza kwa demulifisiyeri birashobora kunoza imikorere, kugabanya ibiciro, no kongera igihe cyigihe cyibikoresho, bikabera igikoresho ntagereranywa mubikorwa bya peteroli na gaze.
Ni ubuhe bwoko butandukanye bwa Demulifiseri?
Disulifiseri ziza muburyo butandukanye bitewe nimiterere yimiti n'imikorere. Dore ubwoko bumwe busanzwe:
Non-ionic Demulsifiers
Non-ionic demulsifiers ni surfactants zidafite ionize mugisubizo. Ibi bintu mubisanzwe birimo amatsinda ya polar akorana na surfactants muri emulisiyo kugirango ihungabanye. Zifite akamaro muri sisitemu y'amazi make- kandi-yumunyu mwinshi kandi irashobora gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye.
Ionic Demulsifiers
Ionic demulsifiers ni surfactants ionise mugisubizo, ikora ion nziza cyangwa mbi zikorana na surfactants zishyizwe hamwe na emulisiyo. Ibi bintu bikunze gukoreshwa muri sisitemu yamazi yumunyu muke kandi birashobora kuba ingirakamaro mukumena amazi-y-amavuta.
Imyitozo ya Cationic
Cationic demulsifiers yishyurwa neza surfactants ikorana na surfactants zashizwemo nabi muri emulisiyo kugirango zihungabanye. Ibi bintu bifite akamaro mukumena amazi-y-amavuta kandi birashobora gukoreshwa muri sisitemu yumunyu mwinshi. Zishobora kandi kwangirika, bigatuma zitangiza ibidukikije.
Anionic Demulsifiers
Anionic demulsifiers zishishwa nabi zikorana na surfactants zashizwemo neza muri emulisiyo kugirango zihungabanye. Ibi bintu bifite akamaro mukumena amavuta-mumazi kandi birashobora gukoreshwa muburyo buke bwumunyu. Zishobora kandi kwangirika, bigatuma zitangiza ibidukikije.
Mu gusoza, demulifiseri ziza muburyo butandukanye bitewe nimiterere yimiti n'imikorere kugirango bigabanye emulisiyo neza mugutunganya peteroli na gaze. Guhitamo ubwoko bwiza bwa demulsifier ningirakamaro kugirango tugere ku bisubizo byiza byo gutandukana mugihe urebye ibintu bidukikije no gukora neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-09-2023