Peteroli na gaze ni umutungo w'ingenzi ku bukungu bw'isi, bitanga ingufu mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu, bishyushya amazu, kandi bigatanga ingufu mu nganda. Ariko, ibi bicuruzwa by'agaciro bikunze kuboneka mu bivange bigoye birimo amazi n'ibindi bintu. Gutandukanya ibi bintu by'amazi n'umwuka w'agaciro na gaze ni ngombwa kugira ngo bisukurwe kandi bikoreshwe. Iyi nzira yo gutandukanya ibi bintu ishobora kugorana, akenshi bigatuma habaho emulsions zigoye gusenya. Injira mu ruhare rw'ibice bikuraho peteroli mu gutunganya peteroli na gaze.
Ibikoresho byo gukuramo umwukani imiti yihariye yongerwa mu mvange y’amavuta na gaze kugira ngo ifashe mu gusenya emulsion, bigatuma inzira yo kuyitandukanya yoroha cyane. Ibi bintu bikorana n’ibintu bikoreshwa mu emulsion, bigahungabanya uburyo bihagaze, bigatuma ibice by’amavuta n’amazi bitandukana byoroshye.
Akamaro kaibikoresho byo gukuramo umwukaMu gutunganya peteroli na gaze ntabwo byakabya. Bifasha kunoza imikorere yo gutandukanya, bigabanya ingufu zikenewe mu gutunganya. Binarinda kwirundanya mu miyoboro n'ibikoresho byo gutunganya, bigatuma imikorere igenda neza kandi bikongera igihe cyo kubaho cy'ibi bikoresho.
Guhitamo demulsifier ikwiye ni ingenzi cyane, kuko imiti itandukanye ikora neza mu bihe runaka no mu bwoko bwihariye bwa emulsions. Abatunganya bagomba kuzirikana ibintu nk'urugero rwa pH, ubushyuhe, n'ubwoko bw'amavuta cyangwa gazi itunganywa mu gihe cyo guhitamo demulsifier nziza yo kuyikoresha.
Mu gusoza, demulsifiers ni inyongeramusaruro z'ingenzi mu gutunganya peteroli na gaze, zigasenya emulsifiers zikomeye kandi zoroshya gutandukanya umutungo w'agaciro. Guhitamo neza demulsifier bishobora kunoza imikorere, kugabanya ikiguzi, no kongera igihe cyo kumara ibikoresho, bigatuma biba igikoresho cy'agaciro mu nganda za peteroli na gaze muri iki gihe.
Ni ubuhe bwoko butandukanye bwa Demulsifiers?
Imashini zikuraho uburozi zigira imiterere itandukanye bitewe n'imiterere yazo n'imikorere yazo. Dore ubwoko bumwe na bumwe busanzwe:
Ibikoresho byo gukuramo ioni bitari ioni
Ibikoresho bita “non-ionic demulsifiers” ni ibintu bita “surfactants” bida “iyoni” mu buryo bw’umuti. Ibi bintu bikunze kuba birimo amatsinda y’ibice by’umuraba bikorana n’ibintu bita “surfactants” mu buryo bw’imiti kugira ngo bigire ingaruka mbi. Bigira akamaro mu buryo bw’amazi burimo umunyu muke n’ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye.
Ibikoresho byo gukuramo ionic
Ionic demulsifiers ni surfactants zikora iyoni mu gisubizo, zigakora iyoni nziza cyangwa mbi zikorana na surfactants zishyushye mu buryo bunyuranye muri emulsions. Ibi bintu bikunze gukoreshwa mu buryo bw'amazi afite umunyu muke kandi bishobora kugira akamaro mu gusenya emulsions zirimo amazi.
Ibikoresho byo Gukuraho Udukoko mu Gitiyoni
Imashini zigabanya ubushyuhe mu mazi ni ibikoresho bigabanya ubushyuhe mu mazi bikorana n’ibikoresho bigabanya ubushyuhe mu mazi kugira ngo bigire ingaruka mbi ku buzima bwabyo. Ibi bintu bigira akamaro mu gusenya imashini zigabanya ubushyuhe mu mazi kandi bishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bw’umunyu mwinshi. Bishobora no kwangirika, bigatuma bitangiza ibidukikije.
Ibikoresho byo gukuraho aniyonike
Imashini zigabanya ubushyuhe bw'amazi ni izikoresha ingufu nke zikorana n'izikoresha ingufu nke zikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza amazi mu mazi kugira ngo zigire ubushyuhe. Izi mashini zigira akamaro mu gusya amavuta mu mazi kandi zishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo budakoresha amazi menshi. Zirabora, bigatuma zitangiza ibidukikije.
Mu gusoza, imashini zikuraho uburozi zigira imiterere itandukanye bitewe n’imiterere yazo n’imikorere yazo yo gusenya neza imashini zikuraho uburozi mu gutunganya peteroli na gaze. Guhitamo ubwoko bukwiye bwa imashini zikuraho uburozi ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo hagerwe ku musaruro mwiza wo gutandukanya ibintu mu gihe hatekerezwa ku bidukikije n’uburyo ikiguzi cyabyo kigenda neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-09-2023