Gutunganya amazi y'imyanda

Isesengura ry'amazi y'imyanda n'amazi y'imyanda
Gutunganya imyanda ni inzira ikuraho imyanda myinshi iva mu mazi cyangwa imyanda kandi igatanga imyanda y’amazi ikwiriye kujugunywa mu bidukikije no mu myanda. Kugira ngo imyanda ibe myiza, igomba kugezwa mu ruganda rutunganya imyanda hakoreshejwe imiyoboro n’ibikorwa remezo bikwiye kandi iyo nzira ubwayo igomba kugenzurwa n’amategeko n’amabwiriza. Andi mazi y’imyanda akenera uburyo butandukanye kandi rimwe na rimwe bwihariye bwo kuyatunganya. Ku rwego rworoshye, gutunganya imyanda y’imyanda kandi imyanda myinshi ni ugutandukanya ibintu bikomeye n’amazi, akenshi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuyituza. Mu guhindura buhoro buhoro ibintu byashongeshejwe mo ibintu bikomeye, akenshi biba ari ubwoko bw’ibinyabuzima hanyuma bikayituza, haboneka umugezi w’imyanda urushaho kwera.
Ibisobanuro
Imyanda ni imyanda y’amazi ava mu bwiherero, ubwogero, ubwogero, ibikoni, nibindi ijugunywa binyuze mu miyoboro y’amazi. Mu turere twinshi imyanda y’amazi irimo imyanda y’amazi ava mu nganda n’ubucuruzi. Mu bihugu byinshi, imyanda iva mu bwiherero yitwa imyanda ihumanya, imyanda iva mu bintu nk’amabasi, ubwogero n’ibikoni yitwa amazi afutse, naho imyanda y’inganda n’ubucuruzi yitwa imyanda y’ubucuruzi. Gutandukanya amazi yo mu ngo anyura mu mazi afutse n’amazi y’umukara birimo kwiyongera mu bihugu byateye imbere, aho amazi afutse yemerewe gukoreshwa mu kuhira inganda cyangwa kongera gukoreshwa mu gusukura ubwiherero. Imyanda myinshi irimo kandi amazi yo hejuru ava ku bisenge cyangwa ahantu hakomeye. Kubwibyo, amazi afutse yo mu mujyi akubiyemo imyanda y’amazi yo mu ngo, ubucuruzi, n’inganda, kandi ashobora kuba arimo amazi y’imvura.

Ibipimo byapimwe muri rusange:

• BOD (Ubushake bwa ogisijeni mu binyabuzima)

•COD (Ubushake bwa Ogisijeni mu Binyabutabire)

•MLSS (Ibirungo bivanze n'inzoga zivanze)

•Amavuta n'amavuta

•pH

•Ubushobozi bwo kuyobora

•Ibintu byose byashongeshejwe

BOD (Uburyo bwo gukoresha ogisijeni mu binyabuzima):
Igipimo cya ogisijeni ya biochemical cyangwa BOD ni ingano ya ogisijeni yashongeshejwe ikenewe n'ibinyabuzima bikoresha aerobic mu mazi kugira ngo bigabanye ibintu by'umwimerere biri mu gipimo runaka cy'amazi ku bushyuhe runaka mu gihe runaka. Iri jambo kandi risobanura uburyo bwa shimi bwo kumenya ingano y'amazi. Iki si ikizamini cy'ingano nyayo, nubwo gikoreshwa cyane nk'ikimenyetso cy'ubwiza bw'amazi ya organic. BOD ishobora gukoreshwa nk'igipimo cy'ubushobozi bw'inganda zitunganya amazi yanduye. Ivugwa nk'ikintu gisanzwe gihumanya ikirere mu bihugu byinshi.
COD (Uburyo bwo gukoresha ogisijeni mu binyabutabire):
Mu bijyanye n'ibidukikije, ikizamini cya shimi cyo gukenera umwuka wa ogisijeni (COD) gikunze gukoreshwa mu gupima mu buryo butaziguye ingano y'ibintu bikomoka ku bimera biri mu mazi. Imikoreshereze myinshi ya COD igena ingano y'ibintu bihumanya ikirere biboneka mu mazi yo hejuru (urugero: ibiyaga n'imigezi) cyangwa amazi yanduye, bigatuma COD iba igipimo cy'ingirakamaro cy'ubwiza bw'amazi. Guverinoma nyinshi zishyiraho amategeko akaze yerekeye ubwiza bwa ogisijeni mu bimera byemerewe mu mazi yanduye mbere yuko asubizwa mu bidukikije.

gusukura amazi