Gutunganya mikorobe itunganya imyanda nugushira umubare munini wimikorere ya mikorobe ikora mumyanda, ituma habaho kwihuta kwangiza urusobe rwibinyabuzima buringaniye mumubiri wamazi ubwayo, aho usanga hatabora gusa, ababikora, nababikoresha. Umwanda urashobora kuvurwa no gukoreshwa neza, bityo hashobora kubaho urunigi rwibiryo byinshi, rukora urusobe rwibiribwa rwangiza ibidukikije. Sisitemu nziza kandi ihamye y’ibidukikije irashobora gushyirwaho niba ingano ningufu zikwiye bikomeza hagati yurwego rushyuha. Iyo umubare munini w’imyanda yinjiye muri iyi ecosystem, imyanda ihumanya muri yo ntabwo yangirika gusa kandi ngo isukure na bagiteri na fungeri gusa, ahubwo nibicuruzwa byanyuma byo kwangirika kwabo, bimwe mubintu bidafite umubiri, bikoreshwa nkisoko ya karubone, isoko ya azote nisoko ya fosifore, ningufu zizuba zikoreshwa nkisoko yambere yingufu. . guhoraho Fata kandi wongereho ingamba zo kubungabunga ibidukikije byuzuye byumubiri wamazi, kongera ubwiza na kamere yimiterere yamazi, kandi ugere kumigambi yo gukumira no kugenzura eutrophasi yumubiri wamazi.
1. Gutunganya imyanda ya mikorobeahanini ikuraho imyanda ihumanya (BOD, COD ibintu) muri colloidal kandi yashonze mumyanda, kandi igipimo cyo kuyikuramo gishobora kugera kuri 90%, kugirango imyanda ihumanya ibe yujuje ubuziranenge.
. Mubisanzwe bivuga igice cyibintu byoroshye byoroshye okiside ikomoka muri 1L yimyanda cyangwa icyitegererezo cyamazi agomba gupimwa. Iyo mikorobe ibaye oxyde ikabora, ogisijeni yashonze mumazi ikoreshwa muri miligarama (igice ni mg / L). Ibipimo byo gupima BOD mubisanzwe biteganijwe kuri 20 ° C muminsi 5 nijoro, bityo ikimenyetso BOD5 gikoreshwa kenshi.
. (igice ni mg / L). Imiti ikoreshwa cyane ni K2Cr2O7 cyangwa KMnO4. Muri byo, K2Cr2O7 ikoreshwa cyane, kandi COD yapimwe ihagarariwe na "COD Cr".
2. Kuvura mikorobe Umwanda urashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwo kuvura ikirere hamwe na sisitemu yo kuvura anaerobic ukurikije uko ogisijeni ihagaze mugihe cyo kuvura.
1. Sisitemu yo kuvura indege
Mugihe cyikirere, mikorobe itanga adsor yibinyabuzima mubidukikije, okiside kandi ikabora mo ibintu kama, gutunganya imyanda, no guhuza ibintu bya selile icyarimwe. Mubikorwa byo kweza imyanda, mikorobe ibaho muburyo bwa siliveri ikora hamwe nibice nyamukuru bya biofilm.
Ubu buryo nuburyo bwo kuvura ibinyabuzima hamwe na biofilm nkumubiri nyamukuru wo kwezwa. Biofilm ni ururenda rwometse hejuru yikigo kandi rugizwe ahanini na mikorobe. Imikorere ya biofilm nimwe nki ya sivile ikora mugikorwa cya siliveri ikora, kandi mikorobe yayo nayo irasa. Ihame nyamukuru ryo kweza imyanda ni adsorption hamwe na okiside yangirika yibintu kama mumazi hamwe na biofilm ifatanye hejuru yabatwara. Ukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo guhuza hagati yikigereranyo n’amazi, uburyo bwa biofilm burimo uburyo bwo guhinduranya ibinyabuzima nuburyo bwo kuyungurura umunara.
3. Sisitemu yo kuvura Anaerobic
Mu bihe bidafite ubumara, uburyo bwo gukoresha bagiteri ya anaerobic (harimo na bagiteri zo mu bwoko bwa anaerobic facultative) kugira ngo ibore imyanda ihumanya imyanda nayo yitwa anaerobic digestion cyangwa fermentation ya anaerobic. Kuberako ibicuruzwa bya fermentation bitanga metani, byitwa kandi methane fermentation. Ubu buryo ntibushobora gukuraho umwanda w’ibidukikije gusa, ahubwo binateza imbere ingufu za bio, bityo abantu bakitondera cyane. Anaerobic fermentation yimyanda ni urusobe rwibinyabuzima bigoye cyane, birimo amatsinda atandukanye ya bagiteri asimburana, buri kimwe gisaba insimburangingo zitandukanye, bikora urusobe rwibinyabuzima bigoye. Methane fermentation ikubiyemo ibyiciro bitatu: icyiciro cya liquefaction, umusaruro wa hydrogène nicyiciro cya acide acike nicyiciro cya metani.
Kuvura umwanda birashobora kugabanywa mubuvuzi bwibanze, ubwa kabiri na kaminuza ukurikije urwego rwubuvuzi.
Ubuvuzi bwibanze: Bikuraho cyane cyane imyanda ihumanye ihumanya imyanda, kandi uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvura umubiri bushobora kuzuza gusa ibisabwa byubuvuzi bwibanze. Nyuma yo gutunganya imyanda yambere, BOD irashobora gukurwaho hafi 30%, itujuje ubuziranenge. Ubuvuzi bwibanze ni ubwambere bwo gutunganya ubuvuzi bwa kabiri.
Uburyo bwambere bwo gutunganya ni: imyanda mbisi yanyuze muri gride nini ikururwa na pompe itwara imyanda - ikanyura muri gride cyangwa icyuma - hanyuma ikinjira mucyumba cya grit - umwanda utandukanijwe numucanga namazi yinjira mubutaka bwibanze. tank, ibyavuzwe haruguru ni: Gutunganya ibanze (ni ukuvuga gutunganya umubiri). Imikorere ya grit chambre nugukuraho ibice bidafite ingufu hamwe nuburemere bunini bwihariye. Ibyumba bya grit bikunze gukoreshwa ni ibyumba bya advection grit ibyumba, ibyumba bya grit byuka, ibyumba bya Dole grit nibyumba byubwoko bwa grit.
Kuvura icyiciro cya kabiri: Ikuraho cyane cyane imyanda ihumanya kandi yanduye (BOD, COD ibintu) mumyanda, kandi igipimo cyo kuyikuramo gishobora kugera kuri 90%, kugirango imyanda ihumanya ibe yujuje ubuziranenge.
Uburyo bwa kabiri bwo kuvura ni: amazi asohoka mu kigega cyibanze cyimyanda yinjira mubikoresho byo gutunganya ibinyabuzima, harimo uburyo bwa siliveri bwakoreshejwe nuburyo bwa biofilm, (reaktor yuburyo bwakoreshwaga burimo ikigega cya aeration, umwobo wa okiside, nibindi. Uburyo bwa biofilm burimo Ikigega cyo kuyungurura ibinyabuzima, guhinduranya ibinyabuzima, uburyo bwo guhuza ibinyabuzima no kuryama kwa biologiya), amazi ava mu bikoresho byo gutunganya ibinyabuzima yinjira mu kigega cya kabiri cy’imyanda, n’imyanda iva mu cyiciro cya kabiri ikigega cyimitsi gisohoka nyuma yo kwanduza cyangwa kwinjira mubuvuzi bwa gatatu.
Ubuvuzi bwa gatatu: cyane cyane guhangana ningingo ngengabuzima zangirika, ibintu bitangirika kama nka azote na fosifore bishobora kuyobora
kuri eutrophication yumubiri wamazi. Uburyo bwakoreshejwe burimo gutandukanya ibinyabuzima no kuvanaho fosifore, kugabanuka kwa coagulation, uburyo bwo kugereranya umucanga, uburyo bwa carbone adsorption ikoreshwa, uburyo bwo guhana ion hamwe nuburyo bwo gusesengura electroosmose.
Uburyo bwo kuvura icyiciro cya gatatu nuburyo bukurikira: igice cyimyanda mu kigega cya kabiri cy’ibimera gisubizwa mu kigega cy’ibanze cy’ibimera cyangwa ibikoresho byo kuvura ibinyabuzima, naho igice cy’ibisiga kikinjira mu kigega kibyibushye, hanyuma kikinjira mu kigega cyo gusya. Nyuma yo kuvoma no kumisha ibikoresho, isuka irakoreshwa.
Yaba umuguzi mushya cyangwa umuguzi ushaje, twizera igishushanyo cyihariye cya ammoniya yangiza za bagiteri zangiza amazi mu Bushinwa, kwagura imiti ya bacteri zo mu kirere n’umubano wizewe, twakira abakiriya bashya kandi bakera kutwandikira kuri terefone igendanwa. cyangwa ohereza imeri kugirango utubaze gushinga amashyirahamwe maremare yubucuruzi kandi dusangire intsinzi.
Gutunganya amazi mabiUbushinwa Bacteria Igishushanyo cyihariye, Umukozi Ushinzwe Gutunganya Amazi ya Bakteri, nkumukozi wize neza, udushya kandi ufite imbaraga, twashinzwe ibintu byose byubushakashatsi, gushushanya, gukora, kugurisha no gukwirakwiza. Mugukora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rishya, ntabwo dukurikiza gusa ahubwo tuyobora inganda zerekana imideli. Twumva neza ibitekerezo byabakiriya kandi dutanga itumanaho ryihuse. Uzahita wumva ubuhanga bwacu na serivisi yitonze.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-11-2022