Polypropilene glycol (PPG)ni polymer itari ionic yabonetse kubwo gufungura impeta ya polymerisation ya okiside ya propylene. Ifite ibintu byingenzi nkibishobora guhinduka amazi, urugero runini rwijimye, imiti ihamye, hamwe nuburozi buke. Porogaramu ikoreshwa mu nganda nyinshi, zirimo imiti, imiti, imiti ya buri munsi, ibiryo, n’inganda. PPGs zipima uburemere butandukanye (mubisanzwe kuva kuri 200 kugeza hejuru ya 10,000) zerekana itandukaniro ryimikorere. PPGs zifite uburemere buke (nka PPG-200 na 400) zishonga cyane kandi zikoreshwa cyane nka solge na plastiseri. Uburemere buciriritse- na-molekuline-uburemere bwa PPGs (nka PPG-1000 na 2000) nibishobora gukama amavuta cyangwa igice gikomeye kandi bikoreshwa cyane cyane muri emulisation na synthesis ya elastomer. Ibikurikira nisesengura rirambuye ryibice byingenzi bikoreshwa:
1. Inganda za Polyurethane (PU): Kimwe mu bikoresho by'ibanze
PPG ni urufunguzo rwibanze rwa polyol yo gukora ibikoresho bya polyurethane. Mugukora hamwe na isocyanates (nka MDI na TDI) hanyuma ugahuza niyaguka ryurunigi, irashobora kubyara ubwoko butandukanye bwibicuruzwa bya PU, bikubiyemo urwego rwose rworoshye rworoshye kandi rukomeye:
Polyurethane elastomers: PPG-1000-4000 ikoreshwa cyane mugutegura polyurethane ya termoplastique (TPU) hamwe na polyurethane elastomers (CPU). Izi elastomers zikoreshwa mubirenge byinkweto (nka cushioning midsoles yinkweto za siporo), kashe ya mashini, imikandara ya convoyeur, hamwe na catheters yubuvuzi (hamwe na biocompatibilité nziza). Zitanga kurwanya abrasion, kurwanya amarira, no guhinduka.
Ibikoresho bya polyurethane / ibifatika: PPG itezimbere ubworoherane, kurwanya amazi, hamwe no gufatira hamwe kandi ikoreshwa mu irangi ry’imodoka OEM, irangi rirwanya ruswa, hamwe n’ibiti. Mubifata, byongera imbaraga zumubano no guhangana nikirere, bigatuma bikwiranye no guhuza ibyuma, plastiki, uruhu, nibindi bikoresho.
2. Imiti ya buri munsi no Kwitaho kugiti cyawe: Inyongera zikorwa
PPG, kubera ubwitonzi bwayo, emulisitiya, hamwe nubushuhe, ikoreshwa cyane mubuvuzi bwuruhu, kwisiga, kwisiga, nibindi bicuruzwa. Ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bya molekuline bifite inshingano zitandukanye:
Emulisiferi na Solubilizers: Uburemere buringaniye bwa PPG (nka PPG-600 na PPG-1000) bukunze kongerwamo aside irike hamwe na est est nka emulisiferi idafite amavuta mu mavuta, amavuta yo kwisiga, shampo, nibindi bisobanuro, bigahindura sisitemu y'amazi y'amazi no kwirinda gutandukana. Uburemere buke bwa molekile PPG (nka PPG-200) irashobora gukoreshwa nka solubilizer, ifasha gushonga ibintu bikuramo amavuta nkimpumuro nziza namavuta yingenzi mumazi yo mumazi.
Moisturizers na Emollients: PPG-400 na PPG-600 zitanga ingaruka ziciriritse kandi zikaruhura, zidafite amavuta. Barashobora gusimbuza glycerine zimwe muri tonier na serumu, kuzamura ibicuruzwa. Muri kondereti, zirashobora kugabanya amashanyarazi ahamye no kongera umusatsi neza. Isuku ry'inyongeramusaruro: Muri geles yogejwe hamwe nisabune yintoki, PPG irashobora guhindura amata ya formula, ikongerera imbaraga ifuro, kandi ikagabanya uburakari bwa surfactants. Mu menyo yinyo, ikora nka humectant kandi ikabyimbye, ikabuza paste gukama no guturika.
3. Porogaramu ya farumasi nubuvuzi: Porogaramu-Umutekano-mwinshi
Bitewe n'uburozi buke hamwe na biocompatibilité nziza (yubahiriza USP, EP, nibindi bipimo bya farumasi), PPG ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bya farumasi nibikoresho byubuvuzi.
Abatwara ibiyobyabwenge hamwe na Solvents: Uburemere buke bwa molekile PPG (nka PPG-200 na PPG-400) nigisubizo cyiza kumiti idashonga kandi irashobora gukoreshwa muguhagarika umunwa no guterwa inshinge (bisaba kugenzura neza isuku no kuvanaho umwanda), kunoza imiti hamwe na bioavailable. Byongeye kandi, PPG irashobora gukoreshwa nkibishingirwaho kugirango tunoze ibiyobyabwenge.
Guhindura ibikoresho byubuvuzi: Mubikoresho bya polyurethane byubuvuzi (nkimiyoboro yamaraso yubukorikori, indangagaciro zumutima, hamwe na catheters yinkari), PPG irashobora guhindura hydrophilicity hamwe na biocompatibilité yibikoresho, bikagabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri hamwe no kunoza ibintu byoroshye no kurwanya ruswa. Ibikoresho bya farumasi: PPG irashobora gukoreshwa nkibigize shingiro mu mavuta na cream kugirango ibiyobyabwenge byinjire mu ruhu kandi bikwiriye imiti yibanze (nka mavuta ya antibacterial na steroid).
4. Amavuta yo kwisiga hamwe ninganda: Amavuta meza cyane
PPG itanga amavuta meza, irwanya kwambara, hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi buke. Ifite kandi guhuza cyane namavuta yubutare ninyongeramusaruro, ikabigira ibikoresho byingenzi byamavuta yo kwisiga.
Amavuta ya Hydraulic na Gear: PPGs ziciriritse- na-zifite uburemere buke (nka PPG-1000 na 2000) zirashobora gukoreshwa mugukora amazi ya hydraulic anti-wear ikwiranye na sisitemu ya hydraulic yumuvuduko ukabije mumashini yubwubatsi nibikoresho byimashini. Zigumana amazi meza nubwo haba hari ubushyuhe buke. Mu mavuta y'ibikoresho, byongera imbaraga zo kurwanya no gufata, bikongerera ubuzima ibikoresho.
Amazi yo gukora ibyuma: PPG irashobora gukoreshwa nk'inyongera mugukora ibyuma no gusya amazi, gutanga amavuta, gukonjesha, no kwirinda ingese, kugabanya kwambara ibikoresho no kunoza neza imashini. Irashobora kandi kubora (PPGs zimwe zahinduwe zujuje ibyifuzo byamazi yangiza ibidukikije). Amavuta yihariye: Amavuta akoreshwa mu bushyuhe bwo hejuru, umuvuduko ukabije, cyangwa itangazamakuru ryihariye (nk'ibidukikije bya aside na alkaline), nk'ibikoresho byo mu kirere hamwe na pompe ya chimique na valve, birashobora gusimbuza amavuta gakondo kandi bigateza imbere ibikoresho byizewe.
5. Gutunganya ibiryo: Ibiryo-byongeweho ibiryo
Ibiryo byo mu rwego rwa PPG (byubahiriza FDA) bikoreshwa cyane cyane muri emulisifike, gusebanya, no kuvomera amazi mu gutunganya ibiryo:
Emulisation na Stabilisation: Mubicuruzwa byamata (nka ice cream na cream) nibicuruzwa bitetse (nka keke numugati), PPG ikora nka emulisiferi kugirango ikumire amavuta kandi itezimbere ibicuruzwa hamwe nuburyohe. Mu binyobwa, itunganya flavours na pigment kugirango birinde gutandukana.
Defoamer: Mubikorwa byo gusembura ibiryo (nka byeri na soya ya soya) no gutunganya umutobe, PPG ikora nka defoamer kugirango ihagarike ifuro kandi itezimbere umusaruro utagize ingaruka kuburyohe.
Humectant: Mubikarito na bombo, PPG ikora nka moisturizer kugirango birinde gukama no guturika, byongerera igihe cyo kubaho.
6. Ibindi bice: Guhindura imikorere hamwe nubufasha bwa porogaramu
Ipitingi hamwe na wino: Usibye gutwikira polyurethane, PPG irashobora gukoreshwa muguhindura ibisigazwa bya alkyd na epoxy, bikaborohereza guhinduka, kuringaniza, no kurwanya amazi. Muri wino, irashobora guhindura ububobere no kongera ibyapa (urugero, offset na gravure wino).
Abafasha b'imyenda: Ikoreshwa nka antistatike irangiza kandi yoroshya imyenda, igabanya kwiyubaka no kongera ubworoherane. Mu gusiga irangi no kurangiza, irashobora gukoreshwa nkumukozi uringaniza kunoza ikwirakwizwa ry irangi no kuzamura irangi.
Defoamers and Demulsifiers: Mu musaruro wimiti (urugero, gukora impapuro no gutunganya amazi mabi), PPG irashobora gukoreshwa nka defoamer kugirango ihagarike ifuro mugihe cyo gukora. Mu musaruro wa peteroli, irashobora gukoreshwa nka demulifier kugirango ifashe gutandukanya amavuta ya peteroli namazi, bityo kongera amavuta. Ingingo z'ingenzi zikoreshwa: Gushyira mu bikorwa PPG bisaba gutekereza cyane ku buremere bwa molekuline (urugero, uburemere buke bwa molekile bwibanda ku mashanyarazi no gutanga amazi, mu gihe uburemere buciriritse na buke bwibanda kuri emulisation no gusiga amavuta) hamwe n’icyiciro cy’isuku (ibicuruzwa bifite isuku nyinshi bikundwa mu nganda z’ibiribwa n’imiti, mu gihe amanota asanzwe ashobora gutoranywa hashingiwe ku bikenewe mu nganda). Porogaramu zimwe na zimwe zisaba guhindura (urugero, gushushanya cyangwa guhuza) kugirango zongere imikorere (urugero, kongera ubushyuhe no kutagira umuriro). Hamwe no gukenera gukenera kurengera ibidukikije n’imikorere ihanitse, ahantu hasabwa PPG yahinduwe (urugero, bio-ishingiye kuri PPG na biodegradable PPG) iraguka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-29-2025