Polypropylene glycol (PPG)ni polymeri idakoresha ioni iboneka binyuze mu gupima uruziga rwa propylene oxide. Ifite imiterere y'ingenzi nko gushonga kw'amazi, urwego runini rw'ubushyuhe, kudahinduka cyane mu binyabutabire, no kudahinduka cyane. Ikoreshwa ryayo rigera ku nganda nyinshi, harimo imiti, imiti, imiti ya buri munsi, ibiribwa, n'inganda. PPG zifite uburemere butandukanye bwa molekile (ubusanzwe buri hagati ya 200 na 10.000) zigaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye mu mikorere yazo. PPG zifite uburemere buke bwa molekile (nka PPG-200 na 400) zishonga cyane mu mazi kandi zikunze gukoreshwa nk'ibinyabutabire na pulasitiki. PPG zifite uburemere buringaniye n'ubunini bwa molekile (nka PPG-1000 na 2000) zishonga cyane mu mavuta cyangwa zigakomera kandi zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gusya no gutunganya elastomer. Ibi bikurikira ni isesengura rirambuye ry'ahantu nyamukuru zikoreshwa:
1. Inganda za Polyurethane (PU): Imwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi
PPG ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya polyol mu gukora ibikoresho bya polyurethane. Mu gukorana na isocyanates (nka MDI na TDI) no guhuza n'ibikoresho byongerera imiyoboro, ishobora gukora ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibicuruzwa bya PU, bigakubiyemo ubwoko bwose bw'ibice by'ifuro byoroshye kugeza ku bikomeye:
Elastomeri za Polyurethane: PPG-1000-4000 zikoreshwa cyane mu gutegura polyurethane ya thermoplastic (TPU) na polyurethane elastomeri za cast (CPU). Izi elastomeri zikoreshwa mu nkweto (nk'inkweto zo hagati zikoreshwa mu nkweto za siporo), imikandara ya mechanical, imikandara yo koherezamo ibintu, na catheter zo kwa muganga (zifite ubushobozi bwo guhuza neza n'umubiri). Zitanga ubushobozi bwo kudashwanyagurika, kudacika intege, no koroherwa.
Irangi rya polyurethane/adhesives: PPG yongera ubushobozi bwo koroha, kudapfa amazi, no gufatana kw'irangi kandi ikoreshwa mu marangi ya OEM y'imodoka, amarangi yo kurwanya ingese mu nganda, n'irangi ry'ibiti. Mu birangi, byongera imbaraga zo gufatana no kudahura n'ikirere, bigatuma biba byiza ku byuma bifatanya, pulasitiki, uruhu, n'ibindi bikoresho.
2. Imiti ya buri munsi n'ubuvuzi bw'umuntu ku giti cye: Inyongeramusaruro
PPG, bitewe n'uko yoroshye, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukurura imisemburo, ndetse n'ubushobozi bwo koroshya, ikoreshwa cyane mu kwita ku ruhu, mu kwisiga, mu masabune, no mu bindi bicuruzwa. Ibikoresho bitandukanye bifite uburemere bwa molekile bifite inshingano zitandukanye:
Ibyuma bigabanya ubushyuhe n'ibishongesha: PPG ifite uburemere buringaniye bwa molekile (nka PPG-600 na PPG-1000) ikunze kwivanga n'ibinure na esters nk'ibyuma bigabanya ubushyuhe bitari ionic mu mavuta, amavuta yo kwisiga, shampoo, n'izindi, bitera imbaraga sisitemu y'amazi n'amavuta kandi bikarinda gutandukana. PPG ifite uburemere buke bwa molekile (nka PPG-200) ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ishongesha, igafasha gushonga ibintu bishonga mu mavuta nk'impumuro nziza n'amavuta y'ingenzi mu mavuta y'amazi.
Ibyuma byo kogosha n'ibinyabutabire: PPG-400 na PPG-600 bitanga uburyo bwo kogosha buri ku rugero kandi bigatuma umuntu yumva aruhutse, adakoresha amavuta menshi. Bishobora gusimbura glycerin imwe muri toni na serumu, bigatuma ibintu birushaho kumera neza. Mu bikoresho byo kogosha, bishobora kugabanya amashanyarazi adahinduka no kunoza uburyo umusatsi ugenda neza. Inyongera ku bikoresho byo gusukura: Mu bikoresho byo kwiyuhagira no mu masabune y'intoki, PPG ishobora guhindura ubukana bw'isukari, kongera ifuro rihoraho, no kugabanya ubushyuhe bw'ibinyabutabire. Mu buvuzi bw'amenyo, ikora nk'ikintu gitera ubushyuhe n'ubukonje, ikarinda ko ifu yumuka cyangwa ngo ivunike.
3. Imiti n'Ubuvuzi: Imiti ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'umutekano mwinshi
Bitewe n'uburozi buke bwayo n'uburyo ikora neza mu mubiri (ijyanye n'amabwiriza ya USP, EP, n'andi mabwiriza y'imiti), PPG ikoreshwa cyane mu miti n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi.
Ibikoresho bitwara imiti n'ibiyivanga: PPG ifite uburemere buke bwa molekile (nka PPG-200 na PPG-400) ni umuti mwiza cyane ku miti idashonga neza kandi ushobora gukoreshwa mu binini binyobwa mu kanwa no mu nshinge (bisaba kugenzura neza isuku no gukuraho imyanda y'ibice bimwe na bimwe by'imiti), kunoza uburyo imiti ishonga neza no kuba yaboneka mu mubiri. Byongeye kandi, PPG ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ishingiro ry'ibiyivanga mu gutuma imiti isohoka neza.
Guhindura ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi: Mu bikoresho bya polyurethane byo kwa muganga (nk'imitsi y'amaraso y'ubukorano, imiyoboro y'umutima, na catheter z'inkari), PPG ishobora guhindura uburyo amazi anyuramo n'uburyo umubiri uhuzwa n'amazi, ikagabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri mu gihe inanoza uburyo umubiri uhuzwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'amaraso. Ibikoresho by'imiti: PPG ishobora gukoreshwa nk'igice cy'ibanze mu mavuta n'amavuta yo kwisiga kugira ngo yongere uburyo imiti yinjira mu ruhu kandi ikwiriye imiti yo mu bwoko bwa 'topical' (nk'amavuta yo kwisiga arwanya bagiteri na steroid).
4. Gusiga amavuta n'imashini mu nganda: Amavuta akora neza cyane
PPG itanga amavuta meza cyane, ubushobozi bwo kuyasiga, kandi irinda ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubukonje. Ikorana neza n'amavuta y'ubutare n'ibindi birungo, bigatuma iba igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu mavuta yo mu bwoko bwa sintetike.
Amavuta ya Hydraulic na Gear: PPG zipima uburemere buri hagati n'uburemere bwinshi bwa molekile (nka PPG-1000 na 2000) zishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora amazi ya hydraulic arwanya kwangirika akwiriye sisitemu ya hydraulic ifite umuvuduko mwinshi mu mashini z'ubwubatsi n'ibikoresho by'imashini. Zigumana amazi meza cyane ndetse no mu bushyuhe buke. Mu mavuta ya gear, yongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya kwangirika no kwangirika, bigatuma igihe cyo gukoresha gikomeza.
Amavuta yo mu Bukorikori: PPG ishobora gukoreshwa nk'inyongeramusaruro mu bukorikori bw'ibyuma no gusya, igatanga amavuta, gukonjesha no gukumira ingese, ikagabanya kwangirika kw'ibikoresho no kunoza uburyo bwo gukora neza. Nanone irashobora kwangirika (amwe mu ma PPG yahinduwe yujuje ibisabwa by'amazi yo gukata adahumanya ibidukikije). Amavuta yihariye: Amavuta akoreshwa mu bushyuhe bwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi, cyangwa mu byuma byihariye (nk'ibidukikije birimo aside na alkaline), nk'ibikoresho byo mu kirere n'imashini zikoresha imiti n'udupira, bishobora gusimbura amavuta gakondo y'ubutare no kunoza uburyo ibikoresho byizewe.
5. Gutunganya ibiribwa: Inyongeramusaruro zo mu rwego rw'ibiribwa
PPG yo mu rwego rw'ibiribwa (FDA-compliance) ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukurura, gukaraba, no gukamura amazi mu gutunganya ibiribwa:
Guteranya no Gutuza: Mu bikomoka ku mata (nk'ayisikrimu na crème) no mu biryo byokeje (nk'imigati n'umugati), PPG ikora nk'iteranya kugira ngo hirindwe gutandukana kw'amavuta no kunoza imiterere y'ibikomoka ku binyobwa no kunoza uburyohe. Mu binyobwa, bitera uburyohe n'amabara kugira ngo hirindwe gutandukana.
Umusemburo w'ibiryo: Mu buryo bwo guhinga ibiryo (nk'inzoga n'isosi ya soya) no mu gutunganya imitobe, PPG ikora nk'umusemburo w'ibiryo kugira ngo ihagarike ifuro no kunoza umusaruro nta ngaruka ku buryohe.
Umuti utuma ibiryo bihumeka: Mu mafunguro ya keke n'amabombo, PPG ikora nk'umuti utuma ibiryo bihumura neza kugira ngo bitakuma cyangwa ngo bimeneke, bigatuma igihe cyo kubibika kigabanuka.
6. Izindi nzego: Guhindura imikorere n'ikoreshwa ry'inyongera
Irangi n'Irangi: Uretse irangi rya polyurethane, PPG ishobora gukoreshwa nk'uburyo bwo guhindura resins za alkyd na epoxy, bikanoza ubworoherane bwazo, uburinganire bwazo, no kwirinda amazi. Muri irangi, ishobora guhindura ubukana no kongera ubushobozi bwo gucapa (urugero: irangi rya offset na gravure).
Imfasha myenda: Ikoreshwa nk'umurangi urinda static no koroshya imyenda, igabanya static building kandi ikongera ubworoherane. Mu gusiga irangi no kurangiza, ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ikintu cyo kuringaniza kugira ngo inoze ikwirakwira ry'irangi no kongera imiterere y'irangi.
Imashini zikuraho amazi n'izikuraho amazi: Mu gukora imiti (urugero: gukora impapuro no gutunganya amazi yanduye), PPG ishobora gukoreshwa nk'icyuma gikuraho amazi mu gihe cyo kuyakuramo. Mu gukora amavuta, ishobora gukoreshwa nk'icyuma gikuraho amazi kugira ngo gifashe gutandukanya amavuta yanduye n'amazi, bityo yongera gukira kw'amavuta. Ingingo z'ingenzi zo kuyikoresha: Gukoresha PPG bisaba gusuzuma neza uburemere bwa molekile (urugero: uburemere buke bwa molekile bwibanda ku bintu bishongesha amazi n'ibiyangiza, mu gihe uburemere buri hagati n'ubunini bwa molekile bwibanda ku gusya no gusiga amavuta) n'urwego rw'ubuziranenge (ibicuruzwa bifite ubuziranenge bwinshi birakunzwe mu nganda z'ibiribwa n'imiti, mu gihe amanota asanzwe ashobora gutoranywa hashingiwe ku byo inganda zikeneye). Hari kandi porogaramu zisaba guhindura (urugero: gushyiramo cyangwa guhuza) kugira ngo byongere imikorere (urugero: kongera ubushyuhe no kudakoresha umuriro). Hamwe n'ubwiyongere bw'ibikenewe byo kurengera ibidukikije n'imikorere myiza, ahantu hakoreshwa PPG yahinduwe (urugero: PPG ishingiye ku binyabuzima na PPG ibora) haragenda hakura.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-29-2025