Gahunda yo gutunganya imyanda mu nganda zikora impapuro

IncamakeGukora amazi yanduye mu mpapuro ahanini biva mu buryo bubiri bwo gukora impuzandengo n'ubukora impapuro mu nganda zikora impapuro. Gukora impuzandengo ni ugutandukanya insinga n'ibikoresho fatizo by'ibimera, gukora impuzandengo, hanyuma ukayisukura. Ubu buryo buzatanga amazi menshi yanduye mu gukora impapuro; gukora impapuro ni ugutobora, gushushanya, gukanda no kumisha impuzandengo kugira ngo hakorwe impapuro. Ubu buryo kandi bukunze gutanga amazi yanduye mu gukora impapuro. Amazi yanduye akoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya impuzandengo ni inzoga y'umukara n'inzoga itukura, kandi gukora impapuro ahanini bitanga amazi yera.

Ibiranga by'ingenzi 1. Amazi menshi yanduye. 2. Amazi yanduye arimo ibintu byinshi bikomeye bimanitse, cyane cyane wino, fibre, filler n'ibindi bivange. 3. SS, COD, BOD n'ibindi bihumanya biri mu mazi yanduye biri hejuru, COD iri hejuru ya BOD, kandi ibara ni ryijimye.

Gahunda yo kuvura n'igisubizo cy'ikibazo. 1. Uburyo bwo kuvura Uburyo bwo kuvura ubu bukoresha cyane cyane uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe umwuka udafite umwuka, umwuka ushyushye, ubw'umubiri n'ubutabire ndetse n'uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gufungana kw'ibinyabutabire.

Uburyo bwo gutunganya no gutembera: Nyuma y'uko amazi yanduye yinjira mu buryo bwo gutunganya amazi yanduye, abanza kunyura mu gipangu cy'imyanda kugira ngo akureho imyanda minini, yinjira mu kidendezi cy'umuyoboro w'amazi kugira ngo ahuzwe, yinjira mu kigega cyo gufunga, maze agatanga uburyo bwo gufungana hongerwamo polyaluminum chloride na polyacrylamide. Nyuma yo kwinjira mu kigega cyo gufungana, SS n'igice cya BOD na COD mu mazi yanduye birakurwaho. Imyanda yo gufungana yinjira mu buryo bwa biochemical bwa anaerobic na aerobic kugira ngo akuremo BOD na COD nyinshi mu mazi. Nyuma y'ikigega cyo gufungana cya kabiri, COD na chromaticity by'amazi yanduye ntibihura n'ibipimo ngenderwaho by'igihugu byo gusohora imyanda. Kufungana kw'imiti bikoreshwa mu kunoza uburyo bwo gutunganya kugira ngo amazi yanduye abashe kuzuza ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gusohora imyanda cyangwa abashe kuzuza ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gusohora imyanda.

Ibibazo n'ibisubizo bisanzwe 1) COD irenze urugero. Nyuma y'uko amazi yanduye avuwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuvura indwara za aerobic na aerobic, COD y'imyanda ntiyujuje ibisabwa. Umuti: Koresha SCOD ikoreshwa mu kwangiza COD mu buryo buhanitse. Shyira mu mazi ku rugero runaka hanyuma ugire icyo ukora mu gihe cy'iminota 30.

2) Ubuziranenge bwa chromaticity na COD byombi birengeje urugero Nyuma y'uko amazi yanduye atunganyijwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa anaerobic na aerobic biochemical treatment, COD y'imyanda ntiyujuje ibisabwa. Umuti: Ongeraho icyuma gikuraho ibara ry'amazi mu buryo bunoze, uvange n'icyuma gikuraho ibara ry'amazi mu buryo bunoze, hanyuma ukoreshe polyacrylamide mu gutandukanya amazi n'amazi mu buryo bunoze, uvange amazi n'amazi mu buryo bunoze.

3) Azote nyinshi ya ammonia Azote ya amoniya ishobora kuba iyujuje ibisabwa ubu. Igisubizo: Shyiramo azote ya amoniya, uvange cyangwa uvange, hanyuma ugire icyo ukora mu minota 6. Mu ruganda rw'impapuro, azote ya amoniya ishobora kuba ingana na 40ppm, naho igipimo cya azote ya amoniya yo mu gace kayo kiri munsi ya 15ppm, kidashobora kuba cyujuje ibisabwa biteganywa n'amabwiriza yo kurengera ibidukikije.

Umwanzuro Gutunganya amazi yanduye mu mpapuro bigomba kwibanda ku kunoza igipimo cy’amazi yo kongera gukoreshwa, kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’amazi n’amazi yanduye, kandi icyarimwe, bigomba gushakisha uburyo butandukanye bwizewe, buhendutse kandi bwo gutunganya amazi yanduye bushobora gukoresha neza umutungo w’ingirakamaro mu mazi yanduye. Urugero: uburyo bwo kuzura bushobora kugarura ibintu bikomeye bya fibrous mu mazi yera, hamwe n’igipimo cyo kugarura kugeza kuri 95%, kandi amazi asukuye ashobora kongera gukoreshwa; uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi yanduye bushobora kugarura sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfide, sodium sulfate n’indi myunyungugu ya sodium hamwe n’ibintu bikomoka ku bimera mu mazi y’umukara. Uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi yanduye buhindura pH y’amazi yanduye; gufungana cyangwa gufungana bishobora gukuraho uduce duto twa SS mu mazi yanduye; uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe imiti bushobora guhindura ibara; uburyo bwo gutunganya ibintu mu buryo bw’ibinyabuzima bushobora gukuraho BOD na COD, bigira akamaro cyane ku mazi yanduye mu mpapuro za kraft. Byongeye kandi, hariho kandi reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, electrodialysis n’ubundi buryo bwo gutunganya amazi yanduye mu mpapuro bukoreshwa mu gihugu no mu mahanga.