Flocculantbikunze kwitwa "inganda panacea", ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gusaba. Nuburyo bwo gushimangira itandukaniro rikomeye-ryamazi mu rwego rwo gutunganya amazi, rirashobora gukoreshwa mugushimangira imvura yambere yimyanda, gutunganya flotation hamwe nubushyuhe bwa kabiri nyuma yuburyo bwakoreshejwe. Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mu kuvura kaminuza cyangwa gutunganya neza imyanda. Mu gutunganya amazi, akenshi usanga hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bigira ingaruka ku ngaruka ya coagulation (dosiye yimiti), ibyo bintu biraruhije, harimo ubushyuhe bwamazi, agaciro ka pH na alkaline, imiterere nubunini bwumwanda mumazi, imiterere yo kubungabunga amazi yo hanze, nibindi .
1. Ingaruka yubushyuhe bwamazi
Ubushyuhe bwamazi bugira ingaruka zikomeye kumikoreshereze yibiyobyabwenge, namazi yubushyuhe buke mugihe cy'itumba
igira uruhare runini mukunywa ibiyobyabwenge, mubisanzwe biganisha ku gutinda buhoro buhoro hamwe nibice byiza kandi byoroshye. Impamvu nyamukuru ni:
Hydrolysis ya coagulants yumunyu ngugu ni reaction ya endothermic reaction, kandi hydrolysis ya coagulants yubushyuhe buke iragoye.
Ubukonje bwamazi yubushyuhe buke ni bunini, bugabanya umuvuduko wa Brown wuduce twanduye muri
amazi kandi bigabanya amahirwe yo kugongana, bidafasha guhungabana no kwegeranya kwa colloide kandi bigira ingaruka kumikurire yibimera.
Iyo ubushyuhe bwamazi buri hasi, hydrata yuduce duto twa colloidal iba yongerewe imbaraga, bikabuza guhuza ibice bya colloidal, kandi bikagira ingaruka no gukomera kwingirangingo hagati ya selile.
Ubushyuhe bwamazi bufitanye isano na pH yamazi. Iyo ubushyuhe bwamazi buri hasi, agaciro ka pH kumazi kiyongera, kandi agaciro keza ka pH keza kuri coagulation nayo iziyongera. Kubwibyo, mugihe cyimbeho mukarere gakonje, biragoye kubona ingaruka nziza ya coagulation nubwo hiyongereyeho umubare munini wa coagulant.
2. pH na Alkalinity
Agaciro pH nikimenyetso cyerekana niba amazi ari acide cyangwa alkaline, nukuvuga, ikimenyetso cyerekana H + yibanze mumazi. Agaciro pH kumazi mbisi agira ingaruka itaziguye ya hydrolysis ya coagulant, ni ukuvuga, mugihe agaciro ka pH kumazi mbisi kari murwego runaka, ingaruka ya coagulation irashobora kwizerwa.
Iyo coagulant yongewe mumazi, ubunini bwa H + mumazi bwiyongera bitewe na hydrolysis ya coagulant, bigatuma agaciro ka pH kumazi kagabanuka bikabuza hydrolysis. Kugirango pH igumane muburyo bwiza, amazi agomba kuba afite alkaline ihagije kugirango ibuze H +. Amazi karemano arimo urugero runaka rwa alkalineite (mubisanzwe HCO3-), ishobora gutesha agaciro H + yakozwe mugihe cya hydrolysis ya coagulant, kandi ikagira ingaruka mbi kubiciro bya pH. Iyo ubunyobwa bwamazi mbisi budahagije cyangwa coagulant yongeweho cyane, agaciro ka pH kumazi kazagabanuka cyane, byangiza ingaruka za coagulation.
3. Ingaruka za kamere hamwe nubunini bwumwanda mumazi
Ingano nubunini bwa SS mumazi bizagira ingaruka kuri coagulation. Muri rusange, diameter ya diameter ni ntoya kandi imwe, kandi ingaruka ya coagulation ni mbi; kwibumbira hamwe mu mazi ni bike, kandi amahirwe yo kugongana ni nto, ntabwo ari byiza kuri coagulation; iyo umuvurungano ari munini, kugirango uhungabanye colloid mumazi, imiti ikenewe iziyongera cyane. Iyo ubwinshi bwibintu kama kibaho mumazi, birashobora gutondekwa nuduce twibumba, bityo bigahindura imiterere yimiterere yibice byumwimerere bya colloidal, bigatuma uduce duto twa colloidal duhagarara neza, bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere ya coagulation. Muri iki gihe, okiside igomba kongerwamo amazi kugirango isenye ingaruka z’ibinyabuzima, kunoza ingaruka za coagulation.
Umunyu ushonga mumazi urashobora kandi kugira ingaruka kumitsi. Kurugero, iyo umubare munini wa calcium na magnesium ion zibaho mumazi karemano, bifasha coagulation, mugihe umubare munini wa Cl- utaba mwiza. Mugihe cyumwuzure, amazi mabi yuzuye arimo humus menshi yinjira muruganda bitewe n’amazi y’imvura, kandi dosiye ya chlorine na coagulant ikoreshwa muri rusange ishingiye kuri ibi.
4. Ingaruka zuburyo bwo kubungabunga amazi yo hanze
Ibanze shingiro ryo kwegeranya uduce duto twa colloidal ni uguhungabanya uduce duto twa colloidal, no gutuma uduce duto duto twa colloidal duhura. Igikorwa nyamukuru cya coagulant ni uguhungabanya uduce duto twa colloidal, hamwe no guhagarika hydraulic yo hanze ni ukureba niba uduce duto twa colloidal dushobora guhura neza na coagulant, kugirango ibice bya colloidal bigongane hamwe kugirango bibe flok.
Kugirango ibice bya colloidal bihuze neza na coagulant, coagulant igomba guhita ikwirakwizwa kandi mubice bimwe mubice byose byumubiri wamazi nyuma yuko coagulant ishyizwe mumazi, bizwi cyane nko kuvanga byihuse, bisabwa mugihe cya 10 kugeza 30 amasegonda kandi ntarenze iminota 2 kuri byinshi.
5. Ingaruka yumutwaro wamazi
Ihungabana ry'amazi bivuga ihungabana ry'amazi rimwe na rimwe cyangwa ridahoraho ry'amazi meza, ahinduka cyane. Imikoreshereze y’amazi yo mu mijyi y’ibikorwa by’amazi no guhindura ubwinshi bw’amazi yo hejuru bizagira ingaruka ku mazi yinjira mu gihingwa, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo gutanga amazi meza mu cyi, bigatuma amazi yinjira mu gihingwa ahinduka cyane, bikavamo guhinduranya inshuro nyinshi y'imiti. Kandi ingaruka zamazi nyuma yo kurohama ntabwo ari byiza cyane. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko iyi mpinduka itiyongera kumurongo. Nyuma yibyo, witondere kwitegereza alum muri tank reaction, kugirango udasenya ingaruka ya coagulation kubera dosiye ikabije.
6. Flocculantingamba zo kuzigama
Usibye ibintu byavuzwe haruguru, hari n'ingamba zimwe na zimwe zo kuzigama ibiyobyabwenge, nko kongera inshuro zo gukurura muri pisine, kugabanya imvura igabanuka ry'ibice bikomeye by'ibiyobyabwenge, guhagarika ibiyobyabwenge, no kuzigama ibiyobyabwenge.
Niba polyacrylamide ishaka kuzigama ibiciro mukoresha, birakenewe guhitamo icyitegererezo gikwiye. Ihame nuguhitamo polyacrylamide ningaruka nziza yo kuvura, iyihenze ntabwo byanze bikunze ari nziza, kandi ntugerageze kubahendutse kugirango utere ingaruka mbi yo gutunganya amazi mabi, ariko wongere ikiguzi. Hitamo umukozi utagabanya gusa ubuhehere bwamazi, ariko kandi bigabanya urugero rwumukozi wibice. Kora ubushakashatsi bwa flocculation kuburugero rwimiti yatanzwe, hitamo ubwoko bubiri cyangwa butatu bwimiti ifite ingaruka nziza zubushakashatsi, hanyuma ukore ubushakashatsi kuri mashini kugirango urebe ingaruka zicyondo cyanyuma hanyuma umenye ubwoko bwa farumasi yanyuma.
Polyacrylamide muri rusange ni ibice bikomeye. Igomba gutegurwa mubisubizo byamazi hamwe nubushake runaka. Ubusanzwe kwibanda hagati ya 0.1% na 0.3%. Kwibanda cyane cyangwa kunanuka cyane bizagira ingaruka, guta ibiyobyabwenge, kongera igiciro, no gushonga polymerisation ya granular. Amazi yikintu agomba kuba afite isuku (nkamazi ya robine), ntabwo ari umwanda. Amazi mubushyuhe bwicyumba arahagije, mubusanzwe nta bushyuhe bukenewe. Iyo ubushyuhe bwamazi buri munsi ya 5 ° C, gushonga biratinda cyane, kandi umuvuduko wo gushonga wihuta mugihe ubushyuhe bwamazi bwiyongereye. Ariko hejuru ya 40 ℃ bizihutisha iyangirika rya polymer kandi bigire ingaruka kumikoreshereze. Mubisanzwe, amazi ya robine arakwiriye gutegura polymer ibisubizo. Acide ikomeye, alkali ikomeye, amazi yumunyu mwinshi ntabwo akwiriye kwitegura.
Witondere igihe cyo gukira mugutegura umukozi, kugirango umukozi ashobore gushonga rwose mumazi kandi ntagiterane, bitabaye ibyo ntabwo bizatera imyanda gusa, ahubwo bizagira ingaruka no kubyara ibyondo. Imyenda yo kuyungurura hamwe numuyoboro nabyo bikunda guhagarikwa, bikaviramo imyanda inshuro nyinshi. Iyo bimaze gutegurwa igisubizo, igihe cyo kubika ni gito. Muri rusange, iyo igisubizo cyibisubizo ari 0.1%, igisubizo kitari anionic polymer ntigomba kurenza icyumweru, kandi igisubizo cya polymer cationic ntigomba kurenza umunsi umwe.
Nyuma yo gutegura umukozi, mugihe cyo kunywa, witondere ihinduka ryubwiza bwibyondo ningaruka zicyondo, hanyuma uhindure dosiye yumukozi mugihe kugirango ugere ku kigereranyo cyiza.
Umuti ugomba kubikwa mububiko bwumye, kandi umufuka wimiti ugomba gufungwa. Mugukoresha, koresha byinshi bishoboka, kandi ushireho imiti idakoreshwa kugirango wirinde ubushuhe. Mugutegura imiti, hagomba kwitonderwa kutagena uko bishoboka kwose, kandi amazi yamaze igihe kinini ashyizwe mumazi byoroshye kandi ntibishobora gukoreshwa.
Ibikoresho bikoreshwa neza, abakozi binjiza amafaranga yinzobere, na serivisi nziza nyuma yo kugurisha; Natwe turi umuryango munini wunze ubumwe, umuntu wese ugumana numuryango agaciro "ubumwe, kwiyemeza, kwihanganira" kuri Quots kuriPolyacrylamideFlocculamide Anionic Cationic Nonionic Gutunganya Amazi Polyacrylamide, Twakiriye neza inshuti zingeri zose zubuzima bwa buri munsi guhiga ubufatanye no kubaka ejo hazaza heza kandi heza. "Polyelectrolyte"
Quots kubushinwa Gutunganya Amazi Yimyanda n’imyanda, Hamwe nimbaraga ziyongereye hamwe ninguzanyo zizewe, twabaye hano kugirango dukorere abakiriya bacu dutanga ubuziranenge na serivisi nziza, kandi turashimira byimazeyo inkunga yawe. Tugiye kwihatira kugumana izina ryacu rikomeye nkabatanga ibicuruzwa byiza kwisi. Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa ibitekerezo, ugombatwandikiremu bwisanzure.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-04-2022