Sisitemu z'amazi yo kunywa rusange zikoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya amazi kugira ngo zihe abaturage bazo amazi meza yo kunywa. Sisitemu z'amazi rusange zikoresha intambwe zitandukanye zo gutunganya amazi, harimo gufungana, gufungana, gufungana, kuyungurura no kwica udukoko.
Intambwe 4 zo Gutunganya Amazi mu Mudugudu
1.Gufungana no Gufungana kw'amagufwa
Mu gufungana, imiti ifite ingufu nke nka aluminium sulfate, polyaluminum chloride cyangwa ferric sulfate ishyirwa mu mazi kugira ngo ihagarike ingufu mbi zifitwe n'ibintu bikomeye, harimo umwanda, ibumba, n'uduce tw'ibinyabuzima twashongeshejwe. Nyuma yo guhagarika ingufu, uduce duto twitwa microflocs dukorwa bitewe no gufatana kw'uduce duto hamwe n'imiti yongewemo.
Nyuma yo gufungana, habaho kuvanga buhoro buhoro bizwi nka flocculation, bigatuma microflocs zigongana zigafatanya zigakora uduce duto duto tugaragara. Utwo duce, twitwa flocs, dukomeza kwiyongera mu bunini uko tuvangwa byiyongereye kandi tukagera ku bunini n'imbaraga byiza, bikadutegurira intambwe ikurikira muri urwo rugendo.
2.Gutwika
Icyiciro cya kabiri kiba iyo ibintu bihagaze n'udukoko twanduza bihagaze hasi mu kintu. Uko amazi amara igihe kirekire adatekanye, ni ko ibintu bikomeye birushaho kugwa mu kintu bigwa hasi mu kintu. Gufungana bituma igikorwa cyo gufungana kirushaho kuba cyiza kuko bituma uduce duto tuba tunini kandi turemereye, bigatuma dushira vuba. Ku mazi yo mu gace, igikorwa cyo gufungana kigomba kubaho buri gihe kandi mu bikombe binini byo gufungana. Iyi gahunda yoroshye kandi ihendutse ni intambwe ikenewe mbere yo kuvurwa mbere y'uko ibikorwa byo kuyungurura no kwica udukoko bitangira.
3. Kuyungurura
Muri iki cyiciro, uduce twa floc tuba twageze hasi mu mazi kandi amazi meza aba yiteguye gukomeza kuvurwa. Kuyungurura ni ngombwa bitewe n'uduce duto twashongeshejwe tuba tukiri mu mazi meza, harimo umukungugu, udukoko, imiti, virusi na bagiteri.
Mu kuyungurura amazi, anyura mu duce duto dutandukanye mu bunini no mu miterere. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa birimo umucanga, amabuye n'amakara. Kuyungurura umucanga buhoro buhoro bimaze imyaka irenga 150 bikoreshwa, hamwe n'amateka meza yo gukuraho bagiteri zitera indwara zo mu gifu. Kuyungurura umucanga buhoro buhoro bihuza imikorere y'ibinyabuzima, iy'umubiri, n'iya chimique mu ntambwe imwe. Ku rundi ruhande, kuyungurura umucanga vuba ni intambwe yo gusukura umubiri gusa. Igoye kandi iragoye, ikoreshwa mu bihugu byateye imbere bifite umutungo uhagije wo kuvura amazi menshi. Kuyungurura umucanga vuba ni uburyo buhendutse ugereranije n'ubundi buryo, busaba imashini zikoresha ingufu, gusukura buri gihe, kugenzura amazi, abakozi b'abahanga, n'ingufu zihoraho.
Intambwe ya nyuma mu gikorwa cyo gutunganya amazi mu baturage ikubiyemo kongeramo umuti wica udukoko nka chlorine cyangwa chloramine mu mazi. Chlorine yakoreshejwe kuva mu mpera za 1800. Ubwoko bwa chlorine bukoreshwa mu gutunganya amazi ni monochloramine. Ubu bwoko butandukanye n'ubwoko bushobora kwangiza ubwiza bw'umwuka wo mu nzu hafi y'ibidendezi byo koga. Ingaruka nyamukuru z'igikorwa cyo kwica udukoko ni ugukuraho ogisijeni no gukuraho ibintu by'umwimerere, ibyo bikarinda ikwirakwira ry'udukoko, virusi, na bagiteri zishobora kuguma mu mazi yo kunywa. Gukuraho udukoko mu mazi bifasha kandi kurinda mikorobe zishobora guhura nazo mu gihe cyo kuyakwirakwiza mu ngo, amashuri, ubucuruzi, n'ahandi hantu.
"Ubunyangamugayo, Udushya, Ubwiza, Ingufu" ni uburyo ikigo cyacu kimaze igihe kirekire gikurikiza igitekerezo, inyungu rusange n'inyungu rusange ku baguzi, imiti isukura amazi y'imyanda yo mu Bushinwa / imiti isukura amazi mu Bushinwa, ikigo cyacu cyubatse itsinda ry'inararibonye, rihanga udushya kandi rishinzwe guhanga udushya, rirema abaguzi bafite ihame ryo kungurana ibitekerezo kuri buri wese.
Ubushinwa bugurishwa cyane cyane mu Bushinwa PAM,polyacrylamide ya cationic, hamwe no guhuza ubukungu bw'isi bizana imbogamizi n'amahirwe mu nganda zitunganya imiti ikoreshwa mu gusukura imyanda, ikigo cyacu gikurikiza umwuka wo gukorera hamwe, ubuziranenge mbere ya byose, guhanga udushya no kungurana ibitekerezo, kandi cyizeye guha abakiriya ibicuruzwa byiza, ibiciro bishimishije na serivisi nziza, kandi mu mwuka wo kuba hejuru, vuba kandi bikomeye, hamwe n'inshuti zacu, dukomeze gahunda yacu kugira ngo ejo hazaza heza habe heza.
Byakuwe muriwikipedia
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-06-2022