Amazi mabi yo mu nganda ni amazi y’imyanda, imyanda n’imyanda ikomoka mu nganda zikora inganda, ubusanzwe zirimo ibikoresho by’inganda, ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga hamwe n’ibyuka bihumanya biva mu musaruro. Gutunganya amazi mabi mu nganda bivuga inzira yo gutunganya neza amazi akoreshwa mugikorwa cyo gutunganya inganda kugirango zivemo cyangwa zisohore mu ruganda, zishobora gutunganya neza amazi y’amazi akomoka mu nganda no kugabanya umwanda w’ibidukikije. Nka imwe mu masano akomeye mu micungire y’ibidukikije, gutunganya amazi y’inganda mu nganda bifite ibiranga imiti itagira ingaruka, igabanuka kandi isabana, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu miti y’imiti, icapiro n’irangi, imiti, ibyuma n’inganda zindi. Gutunganya amazi y’inganda mu nganda bifata ingamba zitandukanye zo gutunganya ukurikije imiterere y’imyanda ihumanya. Ukurikije uburyo bwo kuvura, birashoboka
bigabanijwe muburyo bwo kuvura umubiri, uburyo bwo kuvura imiti, uburyo bwo kuvura umubiri nuburyo bwo kuvura ibinyabuzima. Muri byo, amashanyarazi akoreshwa muburyo bwo gutunganya ibinyabuzima Uburyo bufite uburyo bwiza bwo guhindura imiti kandi bugira ingaruka nziza mukuvura umwanda mumazi mabi y’inganda. Kugeza ubu nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya amazi mabi yinganda.
Ishyirwaho rya politiki iganisha ku iterambere ry’okuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije mu nganda zitunganya amazi y’inganda Nk’imwe mu masano akomeye mu micungire y’ibidukikije, gutunganya amazi mabi y’inganda yagize uruhare runini mu musaruro w’inganda. Mu Kwakira 2010, Inama y’Ubushinwa yasabye mu "Icyemezo cyo kwihutisha guhinga no guteza imbere inganda zivuka mu nganda" ko kubungabunga ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije bigomba gufatwa nk’imwe mu nganda ndwi zigenda zitera imbere, byibanda ku guteza imbere ingufu zikora neza -kuzigama ibikoresho bya tekiniki nibicuruzwa, no kumenya tekinoroji yingenzi mubice byingenzi. Iterambere rizateza imbere urwego rusange rwingufu zingufu. Muri Mata 2015, Inama y’Ubushinwa yasohoye gahunda y’ibikorwa byo gukumira no kurwanya umwanda w’amazi ("Amazi Icumi"), kikaba ari ikimenyetso cya mbere cy’ubushinwa bugenzura uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi y’inganda. Gahunda yihariye yo kuvura inganda icumi zingenzi nkibyuma bidafite fer, gucapa no gusiga amarangi, kokiya, ninganda za API bishyirwa mubikorwa, kandi guhindura isuku bishyirwa mubikorwa kugirango intego yo gukosora umwanda w’amazi. Byongeye kandi, "Amabwiriza icumi y’amazi" yashyizeho kandi ingamba 238 zikomeye zo kurwanya umwanda mu turere tw’inganda. Birashobora kugaragara ko mu gihe hibandwa ku kugabanya umubare rusange w’imyanda ihumanya ikirere, Ubushinwa bwita cyane ku kuzamura ireme ry’ibidukikije by’amazi no gukumira no kurwanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije. Mu Kwakira 2017, muri raporo ya Kongere y’igihugu ya 19 y’ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ry’Ubushinwa, yasabwe kunoza ibipimo by’imyanda ihumanya ikirere, gushimangira inshingano z’abangiza, no kunoza isuzuma ry’inguzanyo ku bidukikije, gutangaza amakuru ateganijwe, ibihano bikaze n’ubundi buryo . Bizagira uruhare runini rwo kuyobora. Ku rundi ruhande, mu itegeko ry’imisoro yo kurengera ibidukikije, guverinoma y'Ubushinwa nayo yashyizeho politiki iboneye. Mu Kuboza 2017, Inama y’Ubushinwa yashyize ahagaragara Amabwiriza yerekeye ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amategeko agenga imisoro yo kurengera ibidukikije muri Repubulika y’Ubushinwa, asaba abasoreshwa gusohora imyanda ihumanya y’amazi isoreshwa ifite agaciro kari munsi ya 30.0% y’ibipimo byangiza imyanda biteganijwe na leta n'inzego z'ibanze, hamwe no kugabanuka kwa 75.0%. % gutanga umusoro wo kurengera ibidukikije; niba ubwinshi bw’imyanda ihumanya iri munsi ya 50.0% y’ibipimo byangiza imyanda iteganijwe na leta n’inzego z’ibanze, umusoro wo kurengera ibidukikije uzatangwa ku gipimo cya 50.0%. Nyuma yo gushyira mu bikorwa iyi politiki, gukusanya amafaranga y’imyanda yavanyweho, bifite akamaro kanini mu kurengera no guteza imbere ibidukikije, kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, no guteza imbere iyubakwa ry’ibidukikije.
Inkomoko: Ishusho yikigo cya Sullivan Ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya amazi ninzira yo gutunganya bizerekana inzira zitandukanye ziterambere. Hashingiwe kuri politiki nziza y’igihugu, Ubushinwa bw’inganda zo gutunganya amazi mabi y’inganda mu Bushinwa bwaratejwe imbere cyane, ibyo bikaba byateje imbere urwego rwo gutunganya amazi y’inganda mu Bushinwa. Bitewe nuburyo bugoye bwangiza amazi yinganda, ni
ni ingorabahizi imwe kugirango igere ku ngaruka zifuzwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, inganda zitunganya amazi mabi yinganda zigomba gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse muburyo bwambukiranya, bwuzuzanya, hamwe nubufatanye binyuze muburyo bwa tekinoroji yo gutunganya amazi, nko guhuza imiti n’umubiri. Uburyo bwo kuvura, imiti-y’ibinyabuzima ikomatanya uburyo bwo kuvura, nibindi, kugirango tugere ku ntego zo gukora neza, gukoresha bike no kurengera ibidukikije. Ku rundi ruhande, muri sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza amazi akonje hamwe n’igice kinini cyo gukoresha amazi, amata ashingiye ku gipimo gishingiye ku gipimo gikoreshwa cyane, ariko kubera ko fosifore ishingiye kuri ruswa hamwe na inibitori y’ibipimo muri iyi formula irashobora gukora nk'intungamubiri za bagiteri kandi algae mu mazi, itera umwanda w'amazi Eutrophasiya n’umwanda. Kubera iyo mpamvu, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga mu gutunganya amazi y’inganda mu Bushinwa, iterambere rya fosifore nkeya cyangwa idafite fosifore, itari azote, ibinyabuzima byangiza, imiti myinshi kandi itangiza ibidukikije imiti y’amazi bizahinduka icyerekezo cy’ubushakashatsi mu gutunganya amazi y’inganda.
Guverinoma y'Ubushinwa yasohoye politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije, isaba inganda cyangwa ibigo bifitanye isano n’umurima w’inganda kugenzura byimazeyo amazi y’amazi y’inganda, yagize uruhare runini mu gusohora amazi y’imyanda n’inganda kandi bigatuma ubwiyongere bukenerwa mu mazi y’inganda. inganda zo kuvura. Hamwe nogutezimbere gahoro gahoro imishinga ijyanye no gutunganya amazi mabi yinganda muri parike zitandukanye zinganda, ahantu h’iterambere ry’inganda zateye imbere mu nganda, ndetse na parike y’ibidukikije mu Bushinwa, igipimo cy’isoko ryo gutunganya amazi y’inganda mu Bushinwa kizakomeza gukomeza kuzamuka.
Dukomeje gushyira mu bikorwa umwuka wacu wa '' Guhanga udushya tuzana iterambere, Ubwiza buhanitse butanga ubuzima, Kwamamaza imiyoborere no kunguka ibicuruzwa, Amateka y'inguzanyo akurura abaguzi kubiciro byinshi.Ubushinwa Cleanwat ChemicalAnionic PAM Polyacrylamide Cationic Polymer Flocculant, Chitosan der Ifu ya Chitosan treatment gutunganya amazi yo kunywa agent agent decoloring agent ， dadmac ， diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride ， dicyandiamide ， dcda ， defoamer ， polyifum chlor polycum chlor Yd polydadmac Pdadmac ， polyamine, Ubwiza bwo hejuru hamwe nigipimo cyo gupiganwa bituma ibintu byacu byishimira umwanya uhagaze ahantu hose mwijambo. Igiciro Cyinshi Ubushinwa Cationic Polyacrylamide, poliacrilamida, anionic polyacrylamide, polyacrylamid, polyacrylamide gel, Cationic Flocculant, Isosiyete yacu ishyigikiye umwuka w "guhanga udushya, ubwumvikane, umurimo witsinda no gusangira, inzira, iterambere ryukuri". Duhe amahirwe kandi tuzagaragaza ubushobozi bwacu. Nubufasha bwawe bwiza, twizera ko dushobora gushiraho ejo hazaza heza hamwe nawe.Niba ushishikajwe nibicuruzwa byacu, nyamunekatwandikirekuburugero rwubusa.
Yakuwe muri frostchina.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-23-2022