Amazi yanduye yo mu nganda ni amazi yanduye, imyanda n'imyanda ikorwa mu nganda, ubusanzwe irimo ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu nganda, ibintu bivamo n'imyanda ikomoka ku bimera n'imyanda iva mu nganda. Gutunganya amazi yanduye yo mu nganda bivuga uburyo bwo gutunganya neza amazi akoreshwa mu nganda mu gutunganya cyangwa gusohora amazi mu ruganda, bishobora gutunganya neza amazi yanduye aturuka mu nganda no kugabanya umwanda uhumanya ibidukikije. Nk'imwe mu sano z'ingenzi mu miyoborere y'ibidukikije, gutunganya amazi yanduye yo mu nganda bifite imiterere yo kuvura nabi, kugabanya umwanda no gusabana, kandi bikoreshwa cyane mu miti, gucapa no gusiga amarangi, imiti, ibyuma n'izindi nganda. Gutunganya amazi yanduye yo mu nganda bifata ingamba zitandukanye zo kuyatunganya bitewe n'imiterere y'imyanda iri mu mazi yanduye. Dukurikije uburyo bwo kuyatunganya, ashobora
Bigabanyijemo uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe imiti, uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga n'uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga. Muri byo, harimo uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga. Ubu buryo bufite ubushobozi bwo guhindura imikorere y'imiti kandi bugira ingaruka nziza ku kuvura imyanda mu mazi yanduye yo mu nganda. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwo kuvura amazi yanduye yo mu nganda bukoreshwa cyane.
Gushyiraho politiki zo kuyobora iterambere ryo kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije mu nganda zitunganya amazi yanduye mu nganda. Nk'imwe mu mibanire y'ingenzi mu miyoborere y'ibidukikije, gutunganya amazi yanduye mu nganda byagize uruhare runini mu musaruro w'inganda. Mu Kwakira 2010, Inama ya Leta y'Ubushinwa yatanze igitekerezo mu "Icyemezo cyo kwihutisha ubuhinzi n'iterambere ry'inganda zitera imbere mu ngamba" ko kubungabunga ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije bigomba gufatwa nk'imwe mu nganda zirindwi zitera imbere mu ngamba, zikibanda ku guteza imbere ibikoresho n'ibicuruzwa bya tekiniki bitanga ingufu mu buryo bunoze, no gushyira mu bikorwa ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi mu nzego z'ingenzi. Iterambere rizatera imbere urwego rusange rw'ingufu zikoreshwa neza. Muri Mata 2015, Inama ya Leta y'Ubushinwa yasohoye Gahunda y'Ibikorwa byo Kurinda no Kurwanya Ihumana ry'Amazi ("Water Ten"), ari na cyo kimenyetso cya mbere cy'uko Ubushinwa bugenzura isuku y'amazi mu nganda. Gahunda zihariye zo gutunganya inganda icumi z'ingenzi nka ibyuma bidafite feri, gucapa no gusiga amarangi, gucoca, no gukora API zirashyirwa mu bikorwa, kandi impinduka nziza zirashyirwa mu bikorwa kugira ngo intego yo gukosora ihumana ry'amazi igerweho. Byongeye kandi, "Amabwiriza Cumi y'Amazi" yanashyizeho ingamba 238 zikomeye zo kugenzura umwanda mu turere tw’inganda. Bigaragara ko nubwo hibandwa ku kugabanya umubare w’imyanda iva mu mazi, Ubushinwa bwibanze cyane ku kunoza ireme ry’ibidukikije no gukumira no kugenzura ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije. Mu Ukwakira 2017, muri raporo y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ya 19 y’Ishyaka rya Gikomunisiti ry’Ubushinwa, byasabwe kunoza amahame agenga imyanda iva mu mazi, kongera inshingano z’abahumanya ibidukikije, no kunoza isuzuma ry’inguzanyo ku bidukikije, gutangaza amakuru ku ngufu, ibihano bikomeye n’izindi gahunda, bizagira uruhare runini mu kuyobora. Ku rundi ruhande, mu itegeko rigenga imisoro ku bidukikije, guverinoma y’Ubushinwa nayo yashyizeho politiki zijyanye nabyo. Mu Ukuboza 2017, Inama Nkuru y’Ubushinwa yashyizeho Amabwiriza agenga ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’Itegeko ry’Umusoro ku Kurengera Ibidukikije rya Repubulika y’Ubushinwa, asaba abasora gutanga imisoro ku mazi asukura afite agaciro kari munsi ya 30.0% by’amahame agenga imyanda iva mu mazi asukura nk’uko biteganywa na leta n’inzego z’ibanze, kugabanukaho 75.0%. % by’umusoro ku kurengera ibidukikije; Niba ubwinshi bw'imyanda iri munsi ya 50.0% by'amahame agenga imyuka ihumanya ikirere ateganywa n'inzego za leta n'iz'ibanze, umusoro ku kurengera ibidukikije uzakurwaho ku gipimo cya 50.0%. Nyuma y'ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'iyi politiki, gukusanya amafaranga y'imyanda yakuweho, ibi bikaba bifite akamaro kanini mu kurinda no kunoza ibidukikije, kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, no guteza imbere iterambere ry'ibidukikije.
Isoko: Byashushanyijwe n'ikigo cya Sullivan Institute Ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya amazi n'inzira yo kuyatunganya bizagaragaza icyerekezo cy'iterambere ritandukanye. Bitewe na politiki nziza z'igihugu, ubushobozi bwo guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya amazi yanduye mu nganda mu Bushinwa bwarushijeho kunozwa cyane, ibyo bikaba byarateje imbere urwego rwo gutunganya amazi yanduye mu nganda mu Bushinwa. Bitewe n'ubukana bw'amazi yanduye mu nganda, byagaragaje ko
Biragoye ko ikoranabuhanga rimwe rigera ku musaruro wifuza. Kubwibyo, ibigo bitunganya amazi yanduye mu nganda bigomba gukora ubushakashatsi buhuriweho mu buryo butandukanye, bwuzuzanya, kandi buhuza binyuze mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryuzuye ryo gutunganya amazi, nko guhuza imiti n'ibinyabutabire. Uburyo bwo kuvura, uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi yanduye n'ibinyabutabire, nibindi, kugira ngo intego zo kugera ku musaruro mwiza, gukoresha amazi make no kurengera ibidukikije zigerweho. Ku rundi ruhande, mu buryo bw'amazi akonje azenguruka hamwe n'igice kinini cy'amazi akoreshwa, formula ishingiye ku gipimo ikoreshwa cyane, ariko kubera ko phosphore-based corrosion na scale ibuza muri iyi formula ishobora gukora nk'intungamubiri ku bagiteri n'ibimera biri mu mazi, bigatera umwanda w'amazi. Kubwibyo, hamwe no kunoza ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya amazi yanduye mu Bushinwa, iterambere ry'imiti yo gutunganya amazi yanduye ifite fosifore nke cyangwa idafite fosifore, idafite azote, ibora, ifite imikorere myinshi kandi itangiza ibidukikije izaba icyerekezo cy'ubushakashatsi bw'amazi yanduye mu nganda.
Guverinoma y'Ubushinwa yashyizeho politiki zitandukanye zo kurengera ibidukikije, isaba ibigo cyangwa ibigo bifitanye isano n'inganda kugenzura neza amazi yanduye yo mu nganda, ibyo bikaba byaragize uruhare runini mu gusohora amazi yanduye n'ibigo kandi bikanatera kwiyongera kw'ibikenewe mu nganda zitunganya amazi yanduye. Bitewe n'iterambere rigenda rigaragara ry'imishinga ijyanye n'ayo mu nganda mu mapaki atandukanye y'inganda, mu duce duteza imbere inganda zigezweho, no mu mapaki y'inganda zirengera ibidukikije mu Bushinwa, urwego rw'isoko ry'amazi yanduye yo mu nganda mu Bushinwa ruzakomeza kuzamuka.
Dukomeza gushyira mu bikorwa intego yacu yo "Guhanga udushya kuzana iterambere, Kwita ku mibereho myiza, Kwamamaza no kumenyekanisha ibikorwa, Amateka y'inguzanyo akurura abaguzi ku giciro cyo hejuru."Ubutabire bwo mu Bushinwa bwo gusukuraAnionic PAM Polyacrylamide Cationic Polymer Flocculant, Chitosan, Ifu ya Chitosan, gutunganya amazi yo kunywa, umuti uhindura ibara ry'amazi, dammac, diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dicyandiamide, dcda, defoamer, antifoam, pac, poly aluminium chloride, polyaluminium, polyelectrolyte, pam, polyacrylamide, polydadmac, pdadmac, polyamine, Ubwiza bwiza n'ibiciro bishimishije bituma ibicuruzwa byacu byishimira umwanya mwiza hose mu ijambo. Igiciro cyo kugurisha mu Bushinwa Cationic Polyacrylamide, poliacriramida, anionic polyacrylamides, polyacrylamide, polyacrylamide gel, Cationic Flocculant, Isosiyete yacu ishyigikira umwuka wa "udushya, ubwumvikane, gukorera hamwe no gusangira, inzira, iterambere rifatika". Duhe amahirwe kandi tuzagaragaza ubushobozi bwacu. Tubifashijwemo nawe, twizera ko dushobora kubaka ahazaza heza hamwe nawe. Niba ushishikajwe n'ibicuruzwa byacu, nyamuneka vuga uti "Twandikireku buntu.
Byakuwe muri frostchina.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-23-2022