Inganda za farumasi zikoreshwa cyane cyane zirimo amazi ya antibiotic hamwe namatako ya synthetic. Inganda za farumasi zikoreshwa cyane cyane zirimo ibyiciro bine: Amazi ya antibiotique, amazi yibiyobyabwenge ya antibiotique, imiti yubuvuzi bwamazi, ikaraba amazi no koza amazi no koza amazi meza. Amazi yamazi arangwa ningingo zidasanzwe, uburozi bukabije, uburozi bwinshi, ibara ryimbitse, ibirimo byinshi, cyane cyane imitungo mibi yibinyabuzima nubusa. Ni amazi yinganda zigoye kubyifata. Hamwe n'iterambere ry'inganda z'imiti rusange, amazi ya farumasi yagiye ahinduka imwe mu masoko y'ingenzi yanduye.
1. Uburyo bwo kuvura amazi ya farumasi
Uburyo bwo kuvura bwamazi yamazi ya farumasi arashobora kuvugurura imiti, kuvura imiti, kuvura ibinyabuzima, uburyo bwo guhuza uburyo butandukanye, buri buryo bwo kuvura bufite ibyiza byayo nibibi.
Kuvura umubiri n'umutima
Dukurikije uburyo bwiza bwo kuranga amazi ya farumasi, ubuvuzi bwa fiziki bugomba gukoreshwa nkigikorwa mbere yo kuvura cyangwa kuvura ibinyabuzima. Kugeza ubu byakoreshejwe muburyo bwo kuvura umubiri nudumi birimo coagulation, flotation yo mu kirere, admorption, Ammoria yiyambuye, electrolysis, ihanahana na ion Gutandukana no Gutandukana.
coagulation
Iri koranabuhanga ni uburyo bwo kuvura amazi akoreshwa cyane murugo no mumahanga. Bikoreshwa cyane mugufata no kuvura amazi yanduye yubuvuzi, nka aluminiyumu sulfate na polyferric sulfate ya gaswa gakondo yubushinwa. Urufunguzo rwo kuvura neza ni uguhitamo neza no kongera coagulants ifite imikorere myiza. Mu myaka yashize, icyerekezo cyiterambere cya coagulants cyahindutse kuva hasi-moleclar kuri polemeri ndende, no kuva kumurongo umwe kugirango bikore ibikorwa byumuryango [3]. Liu Minghua et al. . Igipimo cyo gukuraho cyari 69,7%, 96.4% na 87.5%.
Flotation yo mu kirere
Ivuriro ry'ikirere muri rusange ririmo uburyo butandukanye nko muri Aeration Flotation, inkono yo mu kirere yashonze, igorofa ya chimique, na flotation yo mu kirere, na electrolytic. Uruganda rwa Farumasi rwa Xinchang rukoresha Caf Vortex Igikoresho cya Flotation kuri premacheat ya farumasi yamashanyarazi. Ikigereranyo cyo gukuraho COD ni hafi 25% hamwe n'imiti ikwiye.
Uburyo bwa Apsorption
Ibisanzwe byakoreshejwe ni ugukora karubone, acide ya acide, acide, adsorption resin, ibiti bya Wuhan Jianmin bikoresha ibijyanye no guhita amakara - gahunda yo kuvura ibinyabuzima bya kabiri yo kuvura amakara - inzira ya kabiri yo kuvura ibinyabuzima yo kuvura amazi. Ibisubizo byerekanaga ko igipimo cya code cyo gukuraho abasomwa cyari 41.1%, kandi umubare wa bod5 / code wanoze.
Gutandukana kwa Membrane
Technologies ya Membranes irimo guhinduranya Osmose, NanoifLating na fibre membrane kugirango bakire ibikoresho byingirakamaro kandi bigabanye imyuka gahuze. Ibiranga nyamukuru byiyi ikoranabuhanga nibikoresho byoroshye, imikorere yoroshye, nta cyiciro cyicyiciro cya chimique hamwe nimpinduka zimiti, kuzigama. Juanna Et al. yakoresheje nanofltration membrane kugirango itandukanye na cinnamycin imyanda. Yasanze ingaruka zishingiye kuri LINCOMYCIN kuri mikorobe mu mazi yagabanutse, kandi Cinnamycin yagaruwe.
electrolysis
Uburyo bufite ibyiza byo gukora neza, imikorere yoroshye nibindi bisa, kandi ingaruka zo gusobanura electrolytic ni nziza. Li Ying [8] Yakoze ubuhanga bwa elegitori kuri Riboflavin ndengaka, kandi igipimo cya Kode, SS na Chroma kugera kuri 71%, 83% na 67%.
kuvura imiti
Iyo uburyo bwa chimique bukoreshwa, gukoresha cyane reagents zimwe birashoboka ko bizatera umwanda wisumbuye. Kubwibyo, imirimo yubushakashatsi ijyanye nubushakashatsi igomba gukorwa mbere yo gushushanya. Uburyo bwa Shimique burimo uburyo bw'icyuma-karuboni, uburyo bwa chimique bwa regex (Fenton Reagent, H2O2, O3), tekinoroji yimbitse, nibindi.
Uburyo bw'icyuma
Igikorwa cy'inganda cyerekana ko ukoresheje fe-c nk'intambwe yo gutangiza imiti ishobora kunoza cyane biodedadiente. Lou Maoxing uses iron-micro-electrolysis-anaerobic-aerobic-air flotation combined treatment to treat the wastewater of pharmaceutical intermediates such as erythromycin and ciprofloxacin. Igipimo cya CoD cyo gukuraho nyuma yo kuvurwa hamwe na fer na karubone byari 20%. %, kandi effiluient yanyuma yubahiriza urwego rwigihugu rwambere rwa "Gutandukanya imyanda yinjijwemo. (GB8978-1996).
Gutunganya Fenton
Gukomatanya umunyu wa Forrous na H2O2 bitwa reagent ya Fenton, ishobora gukuraho neza ibintu kama bidashobora gukurwaho nubushakashatsi bwamazi gakondo. Hamwe no kwimbitse ubushakashatsi, urumuri rwa ultraviolet (UV), Oxalate (C2O42-), nibindi byamenyekanye mubyifuzo bya Fenton, byazamuye cyane ubushobozi bwa okiside. Ukoresheje Tio2 nk'umusemburo n'amatara y'igituba na 9w. Inkomoko y'amazi ya FORON YAFATANYWE 0.41 mg / l.
Okiside
Uburyo burashobora kunoza Biodegradable ya Wateryater kandi ifite igipimo cyiza cyo gukuraho COD. Kurugero, amazi atatu ya antibiyotike nka balcioglu yavuwe na ozone okiside. Ibisubizo byerekanaga ko ozonation yamazi yamazi atari yongereye igipimo cya bod5 / cod, ariko kandi igipimo cyo gukuraho cod cyari hejuru ya 75%.
Tekinoroji ya okiside
Bizwi kandi nkikoranabuhanga rya okiside rigezweho, rihuza ibisubizo byubushakashatsi bigezweho byumucyo ugezweho, amashanyarazi, amajwi, hamwe na okiside yamashanyarazi, haguruka okiside yamamaza, kurambagiza amafoto. Muri bo, ultraviolet tekinoroji ya fotocatalytique ifite Ibyiza bifite ibyiza byo gushya, gukora neza, kandi ntatoranya imyanda, kandi birakwiriye cyane cyane kwangirika kw'amashanyarazi adateganijwe. Ugereranije nuburyo bwo kuvura nkimirasire ya ultraviolet, gushyushya, nigitutu, kuvura ultrasonic yibintu kama birenze kandi bisaba ibikoresho bike. Nkubwoko bushya bwo kuvura, kwitondera byinshi. Xiao Guangquan et al. [13] Byakoreshejwe uburyo bwa Ultrasonic-Aerobic bwo guhuza amazi yo kuvura imiti ya farumasi. Kuvura ultrasonic byakorewe kuri 60 kandi imbaraga ni 200 W, kandi igipimo cya Cod cyakuweho amazi yangiritse ni 96%.
Kuvura ibinyabuzima
Ikoranabuhanga ryo kuvura ibinyabuzima ni ikoranabuhanga rya farumasi cyane rya farumasi, harimo nuburyo bwibinyabuzima bwa Aerobic, uburyo bwa Anaerobic uburyo bwibinyabuzima, hamwe nuburyo bwindege-aerobic-anaerobic.
Kuvura ibinyabuzima byo kuvura
Kubera ko benshi mu mazi ya farumasi ari amazi meza, ni ngombwa ko bavana igisubizo cyimigabane mugihe cyo kuvura ibinyabuzima. Kubwibyo, gukoresha amashanyarazi ni binini, amazi ya guta amaraso arashobora kuvurwa ibinyabuzima, kandi biragoye gusohora kugeza mubisanzwe nyuma yo kuvura ibinyabuzima. Kubwibyo, imbaraga zo mu kirere zonyine. Harasabwa uburyo buke buhari kandi burakenewe mbere. Mubisanzwe byakoreshejwe muburyo bwo kuvura ibinyabuzima birimo uburyo bwo guhagarika slus, uburyo bwa Aesografiya, hakurikiraho uburyo bwa okiside), hakurikiraho uburyo bwa sbr. (Uburyo bwa Cass) nibindi.
Uburyo bwimbitse bwa Aeration
Arumasiyo yimbitse ni umuvuduko mwinshi wa scolge. Uburyo bufite igipimo kinini cyo gukoresha ogisijeni, umwanya muto wo kuvura, ingaruka nziza zo kuvura, ishoramari rito, igiciro gito cyo gukora, nta guswera gake. Byongeye kandi, ingaruka zo kwishura mu bushyuhe ni nziza, kandi kuvura ntabwo bigira ingaruka kumiterere yikirere, bishobora kwemeza ingaruka ziterwa no kuvurwa muturere two mumajyaruguru. Nyuma yo kwibanda cyane kwamazi kuva mu ruganda rwo mu majyaruguru y'amajyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwafashwe na tank ya Aeration yimbitse, igipimo cya code cyageze kuri 92.7%. Birashobora kugaragara ko imikorere yo gutunganya ari ndende cyane, ifite akamaro kanini muburyo butaha. Kina uruhare rukomeye.
Ab uburyo
Uburyo bwa ab ni ultra-hejuru-umutwaro wa sludge sludge. Igipimo cyo gukuraho BOD5, COD, SS, fosifore na ammonia azote by ab inzira isanzwe irenze iyo mikorere isanzwe ya sludge. Inyungu zacyo zidasanzwe ni umutwaro munini wigice, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya imitwaro, hamwe ningaruka nini kumwanya munini wa PH agaciro nibintu byuburozi. Birakwiriye cyane cyane kuvura imyanda hamwe nibitekerezo byinshi hamwe nimpinduka nini mumico y'amazi nubwinshi. Uburyo bwa Yang Junksi et al. ikoresha uburyo bwa mydrolysis-ab uburyo bwo kuvura amazi ya antibiyotike, birimo kuzigama ingufu, kuzigama ingufu, kandi igiciro cyo kuvura kiri munsi yuburyo bwo kuvura imiti.
Amasano ya Okiside
Iri koranabuhanga rihuza ibyiza bya siporo hamwe nuburyo bwa biofilm, kandi bifite ibyiza byimibare yijwi, umusaruro wo hasi, ibikorwa bikomeye byo kurwanya ingaruka no gucunga neza. Imishinga myinshi yemera uburyo bubiri, bugamije gukorerwa imigenzo yiganje mubyiciro bitandukanye, tanga ikinamico cyuzuye hagati yabaturage basanzwe muri mikorobiti hagati ya mikorobile zitandukanye, kandi itezimbere ingaruka za biolomical hanyuma uhangane. Mu nzoga, igogora kandi annarobic ikunze gukoreshwa nk'intambwe yo guhitamo, kandi inzira ya okiside ikoreshwa mu kuvura amazi ya farumasi. Harbin Amajyaruguru y'uruganda rwa Farumasi y'Amajyaruguru AcDrolysis Accides-bibiri-stage yo mu binyabuzima bihuza okiside yo kuvura amazi ya farumasi. Ibisubizo bivagaragaza byerekana ko ingaruka zo kuvura zihamye kandi inzira ihuriweho ni ishyira mu gaciro. Hamwe no gukura buhoro buhoro tekinoroji yo mu nzira, ibisabwa nabyo biragumbuye.
Uburyo bwa SBR
Uburyo bwa SBR bufite ibyiza byo kurwanya umutwaro mwinshi wo kurwanya, ibikorwa byoroheje, imiterere yoroshye, hakenewe ikirenge gihamye, igipimo gihamye, igipimo gito cyo gukuraho, no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no gukuraho neza hamwe no kuvana neza. . Amazi meza. Ubushakashatsi bwo kuvura amazi ya farumasi na gahunda ya SBR byerekana ko igihe cyo gutabara gifite uruhare runini mubikorwa byo kuvura inzira; Gushiraho ibice bya anoxic, cyane cyane igishushanyo gisubirwamo cya Anaerobic na Aerobic, birashobora kunoza imbaraga; SBR yongerewe uburyo Pac Inzira irashobora kunoza cyane ingaruka zo gukuraho sisitemu. Mu myaka yashize, inzira yararushijeho kuba nziza kandi ikoreshwa cyane mugufata amazi ya farumasi.
Kuvura ibinyabuzima byo kuvura ibinyabuzima
Kugeza ubu, kuvura amazi meza mu rugo mu rugo no mu mahanga bishingiye ahanini ku buryo bwa Anaerobic nyuma yo kuvurwa hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura, kandi bukemurwa (nko kuvura ibinyabuzima (nko gufatwa ibinyabuzima) muri rusange birasabwa. Kugeza ubu, biracyakenewe kugirango dushimangire iterambere nigishushanyo mbonera cya anaerobic ya anaerobic, nuburyo bwimbitse kubihe byimikorere. Gusaba cyane cyane mu mazi ya farumasi ni hejuru ya anaerobic slud flade (uasb), anaerobic uburiri bwa anaerobic (UBF), HYR), Hydrolysis, nibindi
USB
Uasb reaction ifite ibyiza byo gusya igogora, imiterere yoroshye, imiterere yo kugumana hydraulic, kandi nta mpamvu yo guhagarika igikoresho gitandukanye. Iyo uasb ikoreshwa mu kuvura Kanamycin, Chlorun, VE, SD, Glucose n'izindi mpinga zitarenze ngo hamenyekane neza ko igipimo cya cod kiri hejuru ya 85% kugeza kuri 95% kugeza kuri 90%. Igipimo cya CoD cyo gukuraho CYIZA CYIZA CYIZA UASB kirashobora kugera kurenga 90%.
UBF
Gura wenning et al. Ikizamini kigereranya cyakorewe kuri uasb na UBF. Ibisubizo byerekana ko UBF ifite ibiranga ubwinshi bwo kwimura no gutandukanya ibitandukanya, amoko atandukanye ya biomass hamwe nibinyabuzima, imikorere yo gutunganya ibintu byinshi, kandi imikorere ikomeye. Ibinyabuzima bya Oxygen.
Hydrolysis na acide
Ikigega cya hydrolysis cyitwa hydrolyzed hejuru ya sludream uburiri (Husb) kandi ni uasb. Ugereranije n'imikorere yuzuye Anaerobic Tank, ikigega cya hydrolysis gifite inyungu zikurikira: Ntibikeneye kudoda, nta gitandukanya, nta gitandukanya gatatu gitandukanya kandi cyorohereza Irashobora gutesha agaciro macronolecules nibintu bitari biliografiya muburyo butagira umwanda muri molekile nto. Ibintu byoroshye biodegradation biteza imbere biodegradable amazi mbisi; Imyitwarire irihuta, igipimo cya tank ni gito, ishoramari ryubwubatsi ni nto, kandi umubumbe wa sludge. Mu myaka yashize, inzira ya hydrolysis-aerobic ikoreshwa cyane mugufata amazi ya farumasi. Kurugero, uruganda rwabilimi rukoresha amazina ya hydrolytic-bibiri-stage yo hanze yibinyabuzima bya okiside kugirango ivure amazi ya farumasi. Igikorwa kirahagaze kandi ingaruka zo gukuraho kama ziratangaje. Igipimo cyo gukuraho COD, Bod5 SS na SS ni 90.7%, 92.4% na 87,6%.
Anaerobic-Aerobic Yahujwe
Kubera ko kwivuza mu kirere cyangwa kuvura anaerobic bonyine bidashobora kuzuza ibisabwa, bihuriye n'ibisabwa nka Antaerobic-Aerobic, ihohoterwa rishingiye ku kirere ritezimbere biodedadic, rifite ingaruka ku mazi. Bikoreshwa cyane mubuhanga kubera imikorere yuburyo bumwe bwo gutunganya. Kurugero, uruganda rwibikoresho dukoresha inzira ya Anaerobic-Aerobic kugirango duvure amata yamazi ya farumasi, igipimo cya Bod5 ni 98%, igipimo cyo gukuraho cod ni 95%, kandi ingaruka zo kuvura zirahamye. Micro-electrolysis-anaerobic hydrolysis-aside-sbr inzira ikoreshwa mugufata amazi ya farumatike. Ibisubizo byerekana ko urukurikirane rwose rwibikorwa birwanya impinduka zikomeye zihinduka mumiterere yubutazi nubwinshi, kandi igipimo cya code kirashobora kugera kuri 86% kugeza kuri 92%, nuburyo bwiza bwo guhitamo kuvura amazi ya farumasi. - Oxidation okiside - Menyesha Okiside. Iyo code ya arumutwe igera kuri 12 000 MG / L, code ya effluien iri munsi ya 300 mg / l; Igipimo cyo gukuraho COD muri biologiya yo gutunganya imiti ya biologiya ivurwa nuburyo bwa biofilm-sbr ~ 98.31% kurenza iyo mikorere imwe yuburyo bwa biofilm nuburyo bwa SBR.
Byongeye kandi, hamwe no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rya membrane, ubushakashatsi bwo gusaba bioreactor (Mbr) mu kuvura imyanda ya farumasi buhoro buhoro buhoro buhoro. Mbr ihuza ibiranga Ikoranabuhanga ryo Gutandukana na Membrane hamwe no kuvura ibinyabuzima, kandi bifite ibyiza byimigabane minini, kurwanya ingaruka zikomeye, ibirenge bito, n'ibice bike bisigaye. Inzira ya Anaerobic Gahunda ya Anaerobic yakoreshejwe mu kuvura farumasi Hagati ya farumasi chloride ya acide ya acide chloride hamwe na cod ya 25 000 mg / l. Igipimo cya Cod cya sisitemu gikomeza hejuru ya 90%. Bwa mbere, ubushobozi bwo gutegekwa gutegekwa gutesha agaciro ibintu byihariye byakoreshejwe. Ibinyabuzima bikururwa bya Membranes bikoreshwa mu kuvura amazi yinganda arimo 3,4-dichloroaniline. HRT yari 2 h, igipimo cyo gukuraho cyageze kuri 99%, kandi ingaruka nziza zo kwivuza zabonetse. Nubwo ikibazo cyacyo cyasakaye, hamwe no guteza imbere tekinoroji ya membrane, Mbr izakoreshwa cyane mu murima wa farumasi yo mu mazi ya farumasi.
2. Inzira yo kuvura no guhitamo imyanda ya farumasi
Ibyiza byamazi biranga amazi ya farumasi bituma bidashoboka ko amazi menshi ya farumasi yo kuvura ibinyabuzima make, imyifatire ikenewe igomba gukorwa mbere yo kuvura ibinyabuzima. Mubisanzwe, ikigega cyo kugenzura kigomba gushyirwaho kugirango uhindure ubuziranenge bwamazi na PH, hamwe nuburyo bwa phimickomical cyangwa imiti igomba gukoreshwa muburyo bwo guhagarika ibinyabuzima, kandi bigabanya ibintu bibuza ibinyabuzima, kandi bigabanya ibinyabuzima bibuza SSwater, kandi bitezimbere kwangiza amazi. Korohereza kuvura ibinyabuzima nyuma yuburyo bwamazi.
Amazi yamazi yateguwe arashobora kuvurwa nibikorwa bya Anaerobic na Aerobic ukurikije imiterere yubuziranenge bwamazi. Niba ibisabwa mu buryo bw'ibipimo ari byinshi, inzira yo kuvura Aerobic igomba gukomeza nyuma yimiterere ya Aerobic. Guhitamo inzira yihariye bigomba kumvikana bikureba ibintu nkimiterere yamazi yamazi, ingaruka zo kuvura inzira, ishoramari mubikorwa remezo, ubukungu. Inzira zose zinzira ninzira ihuriweho yo kwitegura-anaerobic-aerobic- (nyuma yo kuvurwa). Inzira ihuriweho na hydrolysis adsorption-Menyesha Okiside-Filtration ikoreshwa mugufata amazi ya farumasi yuzuye irimo insuline.
3. Gutunganya no gukoresha ibintu byingenzi mubwoya bwa farumasi
Guteza imbere umusaruro usukuye mu nganda za farumasi, kunoza igipimo cyo gukoresha ibikoresho fatizo, umubare wuzuye wo kugarura ibicuruzwa hagati n'ibicuruzwa, kandi ugabanye cyangwa ukureho cyangwa ukureho cyangwa ukureho cyangwa ukureho cyangwa ukureho umwanda mubikorwa byikoranabuhanga. Bitewe nuburyo bwimikorere yimikorere ya farumasi, guta imyanda ikubiyemo umubare munini wibikoresho bisubirwamo. Kubwo kuvura amazi ya farumasi, intambwe yambere nugushimangira gukira no gukoresha neza. Kubijyanye na farumasi hagati ya farumasi hamwe na amonium ikubiyemo 5% kugeza 10%, film ihamye ya Wiper igerwaho (NH4) 2So4 na NH4NO3 hamwe nigice rusange kigera kuri 30%. Koresha nk'ifumbire cyangwa ukoreshe. Inyungu zubukungu ziragaragara; Isosiyete ikora cyane ya farumasi zikoresha uburyo bwo guhanura kugirango ivure amazi yangiza umusaruro hamwe na formaldehyde ibikubiyemo. Nyuma ya gaze ya formaldehyde yagaruwe, irashobora gushyirwaho muburyo bwa reagent cyangwa yatwitse nkisoko yubushyuhe. Binyuze mu gukira kwa formaldehyde, imikoreshereze irambye yimitungo irashobora kugerwaho, kandi igiciro cyishoramari cya sitasiyo kivurwa kirashobora kugarurwa mugihe cyimyaka 4 kugeza 5, kumenya inyungu zinyungu nubukungu. Ariko, ibigize amazi ya farumasi muri fagitire rusange biragoye, bigoye gusubiramo, inzira yo gukira iragoye, kandi ikiguzi ni kinini. Kubwibyo, byateye imbere kandi neza ikoranabuhanga ryumuvuzi nuzuye ni urufunguzo rwo gukemura rwose ikibazo cya serwage.
UMWANZURO
Hariho raporo nyinshi zijyanye no kuvura amazi ya farumasi. Ariko, kubera ibikoresho bitandukanye byibikoresho nibikorwa byinganda za farumasi, ubuziranenge bwo gutakaza buratandukanye cyane. Kubwibyo, nta buryo bwo kwivuza bukuze kandi buhujwe kubitashe bya farumasi. Ni ubuhe buryo inzira yo guhitamo biterwa n'avoka. Kamere. Ukurikije ibiranga amazi yangiritse, muri rusange asabwa kunoza ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi, ubanza gukuraho umwanda, hanyuma ugahuza n'ibinyabuzima. Kugeza ubu, iterambere ryibikoresho byubukungu kandi bifite akamaro kamazi nikibazo cyihutirwa cyo gukemuka.
UrugandaUbushinwaAiyonic Pam Polyacrylamide Catic Polyment, Chitosan, ifu ya Chitonan, umukozi wa decoloring, Dalmaam, PALMAAM, PALMAIMINIUM, PALOLUMAIUM, PALYOUMINUM, Polyelilectrolyte, Pam, Polyacrylalide, Polydadmac, Pdadmac, Polyamine, ntabwo dutanga ireme kubaguzi bacu gusa, ariko byinshi nibyingenzi nicyo giciro gikomeye cyo kugurisha.
Uruganda rwa ODM Ubushinwa Pam, Hpanic Polyacrylalide, HPAM, Isosiyete yacu irakora nihame ryimikorere y '"ishingiye ku butungane, ubufatanye bwaremye, abantu bareba, batsindira ubufatanye". Turizera ko dushobora kugirana umubano winshuti numucuruzi uturutse kwisi yose.
Urutonde rwa Baidu.
Igihe cya nyuma: Aug-15-2022