Isesengura rishoboka ryokoreshwa mugutunganya amazi mabi yinganda
1. Intangiriro y'ibanze
Umwanda ukabije w’ibyuma bivuga kwanduza ibidukikije biterwa n’ibyuma biremereye cyangwa ibiyigize.Ahanini biterwa nibintu byabantu nko gucukura amabuye y'agaciro, gusohora imyanda, kuhira imyanda no gukoresha ibicuruzwa biremereye.Kurugero, indwara yikirere nindwara zububabare mu Buyapani biterwa n’umwanda wa mercure hamwe n’umwanda wa kadmium.Urwego rw’ibyangiritse rushingiye ku kwibumbira hamwe nuburyo bwa shimi bwibyuma biremereye mubidukikije, ibiryo nibinyabuzima.Guhumanya ibyuma bikabije bigaragarira cyane cyane mu kwanduza amazi, kandi igice cyacyo kiri mu kirere n’imyanda ikomeye.
Ibyuma biremereye bivuga ibyuma bifite uburemere bwihariye (density) birenze 4 cyangwa 5, kandi hariho ubwoko bwibyuma bigera kuri 45, nkumuringa, isasu, zinc, icyuma, diyama, nikel, vanadium, silicon, buto, titanium, manganese , kadmium, mercure, tungsten, molybdenum, zahabu, Ifeza, nibindi. Nubwo manganese, umuringa, zinc nibindi byuma biremereye aribintu bikenerwa mubikorwa byubuzima, ibyinshi mubyuma biremereye nka mercure, gurş, kadmium, nibindi sibyo. nkenerwa mubikorwa byubuzima, kandi ibyuma byose biremereye hejuru yibitekerezo runaka ni uburozi kumubiri wumuntu.
Ibyuma biremereye muri rusange bibaho muri kamere yibidukikije.Nyamara, kubera kwiyongera kwinshi, gushonga, gutunganya no gukora ubucuruzi bwibyuma biremereye byabantu, ibyuma byinshi biremereye nka gurş, mercure, kadmium, cobalt, nibindi byinjira mukirere, amazi, nubutaka.Tera umwanda ukabije w’ibidukikije.Ibyuma biremereye muburyo butandukanye bwimiti cyangwa imiti bizakomeza, birundarunda kandi bimuke nyuma yo kwinjira mubidukikije cyangwa urusobe rwibinyabuzima, bikangiza.Kurugero, ibyuma biremereye bisohorwa namazi yanduye birashobora kwirundanyiriza muri algae no mucyondo cyo hasi kabone niyo kwibumbira hamwe ari bike, kandi bigashyirwa hejuru y’amafi n’ibishishwa, bikaviramo urunigi rw’ibiribwa, bityo bigatera umwanda.Kurugero, indwara zamazi mubuyapani ziterwa na mercure mumazi yimyanda isohoka munganda zikora soda ya caustic, ihinduka mercure kama binyuze mubikorwa byibinyabuzima;urundi rugero ni ububabare, buterwa na kadmium yasohotse mu nganda zashongesha zinc n'inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi.Kuri.Isasu ryasohotse mu mwuka w’ibinyabiziga ryinjira mu bidukikije binyuze mu gukwirakwiza ikirere hamwe n’ibindi bikorwa, bigatuma habaho kwiyongera gukabije kw’ubuso bwa sisitemu yo hejuru, bigatuma habaho kwinjiza amasasu mu bantu ba none inshuro zigera ku 100 ugereranije n’abantu ba mbere, kandi bikangiza ubuzima bw’abantu. .
Ibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi ya Macromolecular, polymer yijimye-umutuku, irashobora gukorana byihuse na ion zitandukanye zicyuma kiremereye mumazi mabi mubushyuhe bwicyumba, nka Hg +, Cd2 +, Cu2 +, Pb2 +, Mn2 +, Ni2 +, Zn2 +, Cr3 +, nibindi. gukora amazi-adashonga umunyu uhuriweho hamwe nigipimo cyo gukuraho hejuru ya 99%.Uburyo bwo kuvura buroroshye kandi bworoshye, ikiguzi ni gito, ingaruka ziratangaje, ubwinshi bwumwanda ni buto, butajegajega, butari uburozi, kandi nta mwanda wongeyeho.Irashobora gukoreshwa cyane mugutunganya amazi mabi munganda za elegitoroniki, ubucukuzi bwamabuye y'agaciro no gushonga, inganda zitunganya ibyuma, amashanyarazi yamashanyarazi nizindi nganda.Ikoreshwa rya pH: 2-7.
2. Umwanya wo gusaba ibicuruzwa
Nicyuma kiremereye cyane icyuma gikuraho ion, gifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha.Irashobora gukoreshwa mumazi hafi ya yose arimo ion ziremereye.
3. Koresha uburyo hamwe nibikorwa bisanzwe
1. Uburyo bwo gukoresha
1. Ongeramo kandi ubyuke
① Ongeramo polymer yamashanyarazi aremereye mumazi aremereye yicyuma kiremereye kirimo amazi mabi, reaction ako kanya, uburyo bwiza nukubyutsa buri 10min - inshuro;
OrKubera ibyuma bitaremereye byamazi mumazi mabi, hagomba gukoreshwa ubushakashatsi bwa laboratoire kugirango hamenyekane ingano yicyuma kiremereye cyongeweho.
OrKu gutunganya amazi mabi arimo ion zicyuma kiremereye hamwe nubunini butandukanye, ubwinshi bwibikoresho byongeweho birashobora guhita bigenzurwa na ORP
2. Ibikoresho bisanzwe nibikorwa byikoranabuhanga
1. Itegure amazi 2. Kugirango ubone PH = 2-7, ongeramo aside cyangwa alkali ukoresheje umugenzuzi wa PH 3. Kugenzura ingano y'ibikoresho fatizo byongewe binyuze mumashanyarazi ya redox 4. Flocculant (potassium aluminium sulfate) 5. Igihe cyo gutura cy'ikigega gikurura 10min 76, igihe cyo kugumana ikigega cya agglomeration 10min 7, ikigega cyo kumanika icyapa cya 8, isuka 9, ikigega 10, akayunguruzo 121, pH yanyuma kugenzura ikidendezi cya 12, gusohora amazi
4. Gusesengura inyungu zubukungu
Dufashe amazi y’amashanyarazi nkamazi asanzwe y’amazi aremereye nkurugero, muruganda rwonyine, amasosiyete akoresha azagera ku nyungu nini mubukungu nubukungu.Amazi y’amashanyarazi aturuka ahanini kumazi yogeje ibice hamwe namazi make yimyanda.Ubwoko, ibirimo nuburyo bwibyuma biremereye mumazi yanduye biratandukanye cyane nubwoko butandukanye bwibikorwa, cyane cyane birimo ion zicyuma kiremereye nkumuringa, chromium, zinc, kadmium, na nikel..Dukurikije imibare ituzuye, gusohora buri mwaka amazi y’amazi ava mu nganda zikoresha amashanyarazi yonyine arenga toni miliyoni 400.
Gutunganya imiti y’amazi y’amashanyarazi bizwi nkuburyo bwiza kandi bunoze.Nyamara, ukurikije ibisubizo byimyaka myinshi, uburyo bwa chimique bufite ibibazo nkibikorwa bidahungabana, imikorere yubukungu ningaruka mbi kubidukikije.Igikoresho cya polymer kiremereye cyo gutunganya amazi cyakemuwe neza.Ikibazo cyavuzwe haruguru.
4. Isuzuma ryuzuye ry'umushinga
1. Ifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kugabanya CrV, pH igipimo cyo kugabanya Cr ”ni ngari (2 ~ 6), kandi inyinshi murizo zifite aside nkeya
Amazi avanze arashobora kuvanaho gukenera kongeramo aside.
2. Ni alkaline ikomeye, kandi agaciro ka pH karashobora kwiyongera mugihe kimwe cyongeweho.Iyo pH igeze kuri 7.0, Cr (VI), Cr3 +, Cu2 +, Ni2 +, Zn2 +, Fe2 +, nibindi bishobora kugera ku gipimo, ni ukuvuga ko ibyuma biremereye bishobora kugwa mugihe hagabanijwe igiciro cya VI.Amazi yatunganijwe yujuje byimazeyo igipimo cyambere cyo gusohora igihugu
3. Igiciro gito.Ugereranije na sodium sulfide gakondo, igiciro cyo gutunganya kigabanukaho amafaranga arenga 0.1 kuri toni.
4. Umuvuduko wo gutunganya urihuta, kandi umushinga wo kurengera ibidukikije urakorwa neza.Imvura iroroshye gutuza, ikubye kabiri uburyo bwa lime.Imvura icyarimwe F-, P043 mumazi mabi
5. Ingano yimyanda ni nto, kimwe cya kabiri cyuburyo bwa gakondo bwimvura
6. Nta mwanda wa kabiri w’ibyuma biremereye nyuma yo kuvurwa, kandi karubone gakondo y'umuringa iroroshye hydrolyze;
7. Utarinze gufunga umwenda wo kuyungurura, urashobora gutunganywa ubudahwema
Inkomoko yiyi ngingo: Sina Aiwen yasangiye amakuru
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-29-2021